Gene expression can be highly heterogeneous in isogenic cell populations. An extreme type of heterogeneity is the so-called bistable or bimodal expression, whereby a cell can differentiate into two alternative expression states. Stochastic fluctuations of protein levels, also referred to as noise, provide the necessary source of heterogeneity that must be amplified by specific genetic circuits ...

Neurofeedback is a promising tool for brain rehabilitation and peak performance training. Neurofeedback approaches usually rely on a single brain imaging modality such as EEG or fMRI. Combining these modalities for neurofeedback training could allow to provide richer information to the subject and could thus enable him/her to achieve faster and more specific self-regulation. Yet unimodal and mu...

A novel strategy, based on the in situ generated boron-thexyl-silaboracyclic initiating sites for the polyhomologation of dimethylsulfoxonium methylide, has been developed for the synthesis of complex polyethylene-based architectures. As examples, the synthesis of a 4-arm polyethylene star, three (polystyrene)(polyethylene)2 3-miktoarm stars and a PE-branched double graft copolymer is given.

Basura GJ, Koehler SD, Shore SE. Bimodal stimulus timingdependent plasticity in primary auditory cortex is altered after noise exposure with and without tinnitus. J Neurophysiol 114: 3064–3075, 2015. First published August 19, 2015; doi:10.1152/jn.00319.2015.— Central auditory circuits are influenced by the somatosensory system, a relationship that may underlie tinnitus generation. In the guine...

The conventional wisdom is that the concept of information is closely related to the concept of probability. In Shannon's information theory, information is equated to a reduction in entropy—a probabilistic concept. In this paper, a different view of information is put on the table. Information is equated to restriction. More concretely, a restriction is a limitation on the values which a varia...

The conventional wisdom is that the concept of information is closely related to the concept of probability. In Shannon's information theory, information is equated to a reduction in entropy—a probabilistic concept. In this paper, a different view of information is put on the table. Information is equated to restriction. More concretely, a restriction is a limitation on the values which a varia...

After successful cochlear implantation in one ear, some patients continue to use a hearing aid at the contralateral ear. They report an improved reception of speech, especially in noise, as well as a better perception of music when the hearing aid and cochlear implant are used in this bimodal combination. Some individuals in this bimodal patient group also report the impression of an improved l...

BACKGROUND Radiostereometric analysis provides highly precise measurements of component micromotion relative to the bone that is otherwise undetectable by routine radiographs. This study compared, at a minimum of five years following surgery, the micromotion of tantalum and titanium acetabular cups and femoral head penetration in highly cross-linked polyethylene liners and conventional (ultra-h...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transport of urea across the blood-brain barrier is increased during postischemic cerebral reperfusion in the piglet. Ischemia/reperfusion also has been observed to increase apparent superoxide anion generation on the surface of the brain. The present study was designed to address the hypothesis that the increased transfer of urea into the brain after ischemia/reperfusion...

THE USE of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in preservation solutions has been associated with a decreased incidence of rejection in clinical and experimental transplantation. Using the isolated perfused rat liver model, we found that PEG, when added to phosphate-buffered sucrose solution (PBSL), provided improved liver preservation. A direct comparison of three different molecular configurations of P...