A study of the ignition of non-fire-resistant hydraulic fluid sprays was conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Both an open flame and a hot steel surface were used as the external heat sources. With the open flame as the heat source, the minimum oil temperature and minimum spray nozzle pressure that resulted in an ignition were measured. The effects of the dist...

Visualization study of bubble growth with multiple tangential nozzles is investigated in a bubble absorber. Bubble behavior is studied with different flowing condition like still, co-current and counter-current flow of water. Effect of air flow rate, water flow rate, nozzle diameters, number of nozzles and orientation of nozzle angle with reference to vertical plane on bubble diameter is studie...

An experimental approach is proposed to investigate the gas-solid structure in the vicinity of a sparger nozzle in a fluidized bed. The local hydrodynamics were studied under injection velocities ranging between 0 and 100 m/s and three orientations. A fiber-optic probe was used to measure the instantaneous local particle holdup near the tip of the sparger nozzle. Under the investigated conditio...

The space-time conservation element and solution element (CE/SE) method is used to solve the conservation law form of the compressible axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations. The equations are time marched to predict the unsteady flow and the near-field screech tone noise issuing from an underexpanded circular jet. The CE/SE method uses an unstructured grid based data structure. The unstructured ...

This paper reports progress in on-going studies to validate UT modeling of nozzle inner radius examinations. In a previous paper [1] it was shown that geometric modeling and raytracing in the Windows-based software WARay3D predicts the geometry and location of search units needed to detect known defects in a nozzle mock-up. The present paper describes the addition of beam forming [2] and flaw r...

High speed video imaging and an inverse heat conduction problem algorithm were used to observe and measure the effect of the angle between the nozzle and surface of a skin phantom on: (a) surface temperature; (b) heat flux q; and (c) overall heat extraction Q during cryogen spray cooling (CSC). A skin phantom containing a fast-response temperature sensor was sprayed with 50 ms cryogen spurts fr...

The vortical and turbulent structure changes in the near field (X/D<3.0) of the jet mixing flow caused by a lobed nozzle had been investigated experimentally in the present study. The techniques of planar Laser Induced Fluoresce (LIF) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) were used to accomplish the flow visualization and velocity field measurements. The experimental results showed that, compare...

The goal of this research project was to further the development of an electromechanically controlled variable-orifice nozzle by creating an electronic control system and then evaluating that system based on step and ramp inputs. The control system was developed in a programming environment that combined an electronic data acquisition system and actuator with pressure and flow sensors. A propor...

Micro Piezo technology is offering superior features in ink ejection performance, compatibility with a wide variety of inks, and durability. As a result, this technology has already being utilized effectively in various commercial and industrial fields such as photo lab printing, digital printing, textile printing, and color filter manufacturing. However, new printheads that have a larger numbe...