Electric power consumption is dependent on weather conditions. In most of the EU countries, power distribution is often subject to failure and it is frequent for the population to suffer power blackout. Within the solutions, deployed in order to avoid or face that problem, the public notification of blackout risks for a target region and the demand for reduced consumption are both interesting a...

Experimental parameters were adjusted so that pigeons' pairwise choices among three alternatives reflected the following order of preference: (a) a smaller-sooner reinforcer, (b) a larger-later reinforcer, and (c) the smaller-sooner reinforcer followed by a punishment (consisting of an extended blackout period). After this order of preference was established, the pigeons were exposed to a twoli...

Abstract—In today’s world, electrical energy has become an indispensable component of all aspects of modern human life. Reliability, security and stability are the key aspects of any power system. Failure to meet any of these three aspects results into a great impediment to modern life. Modern power systems are being subjected to heavily stressed conditions leading to voltage stability problems...

In March 2019, Nicolás Maduro claimed that the blackout in Venezuela was caused by U.S. cyber-attacks. This statement promptly denied Mike Pompeo, Secretary of State. Irrespective truth Maduro’s allegation, this episode highlights diplomatic challenges for states contemporary information environment, which contested narratives proliferate and embed themselves more durably because deterritoriali...

IEEE POTENTIALS 0278-6648/09/$26.00 © 2009 IEEE Few people consider the complexity of power grid operation when they flip a switch to light a room. Power grids provide electricity to billions of individuals around the globe, often with higher than 99.9% reliability. Because the social structures in most developed countries rely on high-reliability electricity, massive social disruption can resu...

As a vehicle reenters the atmosphere or travels at hypersonic speeds within it, a bow shock forms around the leading edge of the vehicle. The air is superheated as it passes through the shock wave and becomes ionized. This plasma layer prevents the transmission of radio frequency communications to or from the vehicle, causing what is know as communications blackout. In this paper, we present re...

During positive acceleration in man, a stage is reached at which there is a limitation of ocular motility. These limitations can be overcome by voluntary effort, but the superseding movements are ataxic. The lower motor neurons to the extraocular muscles are not involved in LOMA. The pupils dilate as the visual fields constrict during positive acceleration and reach a maximum luith loss of cent...