Cristian M. Radu Daniel T. Kaplan Department of Physiology and Centre of Nonlinear Dynamics in Physiology and Medicine McGill University, 3655 Drummond, Montr eal H3G-1Y6, Qu ebec, Canada Abstract This paper outlines our design of a continuous estimator for the sympathetic innervation of the heart. The estimator is computed by linear methods, yet it is tested on a nonlinear, detailed model of c...

Extensive research has been conducted to elucidate and substantiate the crucial role of Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) in pathogenesis hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, renal diseases. Furthermore, oxidative stress maintaining vascular balance well established. It observed that many cellular effects induced by Angiotensin II (Ang II) are facilitated reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced ...

Abstract Background Early prediction of non-invasive ventilation failure by using clinical parameters and scoring systems is a promising strategy for reducing mortality in acute exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Our aim was to assess predictors the prognostic role mid-regional proadrenomedullin. Results Forty-five patients were enrolled, comprising thirty-six males ni...

RATIONALE Pulmonary complications of sickle cell anemia (Hb-SS) commonly cause morbidity, yet few large studies of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in this population have been reported. OBJECTIVES PFTs (spirometry, lung volumes, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide [DLCO]) from 310 adults with Hb-SS were analyzed to determine the pattern of pulmonary dysfunction and their association wi...

Welcome to this special issue of the Open Neuroimaging Journal which focuses on physiological MRI as reviewed by a panel of leaders in the field. The use of MRI to investigate brain physiology has grown at a very rapid pace. The spatial resolution and spatial specificity of neuronal activiation as detected by fMRI have markedly improved over the past decade. The fMRI signal sources and the hemo...

Research shows that misconceptions about human blood circulation and gas exchange persist across grade levels. The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to investigate the prevalence and persistence of blood circulation misconceptions among prospective elementary teachers and 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of learning activities for discovering what students know and can explain about blood c...

UNTIL recent years methods of blood gas measurement have been difficult and they were therefore not widely available. Their possible value in routine clinical practice was consequently largely unknown and unexplored, and many clinicians have forgotten their basic knowledge of oxygen and carbon dioxide physiology. The sequence is now in reverse. There are easy methods which could be widely avail...

Leukotrienes (LTs) are powerful inflammatory lipid mediators derived from the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) cascade of arachidonic acid. Recent clinical, population genetic, cell biological, and mouse studies indicate participation of the 5-LO pathway in atherogenesis and arterial wall remodeling. 5-LO is expressed by leukocytes including blood monocytes, tissue macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophil...

Severe maxillofacial and neck trauma exposes patients to life threatening complications such as airway compromise and hemorrhagic shock. These conditions require rapid actions (diagnosis and management) and a strong interplay between surgeons and anesthesiologists. Effective airway management often makes the difference between life and death in severe maxillofacial and neck trauma and takes ini...

Mathematical models and simulations are important tools in discovering key causal relationships governing physiological processes. Simulations guide and improve outcomes of medical interventions involving complex physiology. We developed HumMod, a Windows-based model of integrative human physiology. HumMod consists of 5000 variables describing cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, neural, endocri...