Facial bone fractures account for a sizeable proportion of the cases treated by maxillo-facial and oral surgery units in South Africa. In this study, clinical records of all facial bone fractures among black, coloured, Asian, and ie/. '<• patients treated in the Department o f Maxilla-Facial am Oral Surgery in the Johannesburg group o f teaching hospitals over a six-month period, were recorded ...

BACKGROUND Treatment intervention thresholds for prevention of osteoporotic fractures can be derived from reports from the World Health Organization (diagnostic criteria) and National Osteoporosis Foundation (treatment criteria). It is not known how well these thresholds work to identify women who will fracture and are therefore candidates for treatment interventions. We used data from the Nati...

The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for facial fractures in patients treated in the emergency department of a hospital. The medical charts of 1121 patients treated in an emergency ward over a three-year period were analyzed. The independent variables were gender, age, place of residence (urban or rural area) and type of accident. The dependent variables were fractured mand...

OBJECTIVE Rib fractures are uncommon in infancy and, when diagnosed, often raise the suspicion of child abuse. However, the prevalence of other causes of rib fractures has not been well defined. The purpose of this study was to determine the causes and clinical presentations of rib fractures in infants <12 months old. METHODS Retrospectively, we identified all infants with rib fractures under...

Osteoporosis is a condition of low bone mass which predisposes to fractures. This silently progressive metabolic bone disease is widely prevalent in India in both sexes and occurs at younger age than in western population. Rapid bone loss occurs in postmenopausal women due to hormonal factors. Indians have low bone density compared to Caucasians. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is a maj...

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 H. Zreiqat et al. (eds.), A Tissue Regeneration Approach to Bone and Cartilage Repair, Mechanical Engineering Series, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-13266-2_2 Abstract Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role in osteoblast and chondrocyte differentiation and canonical Wnt signaling regulates bone mass. BMP-2 is approved for use in spi...

A series of four agreement studies (classification sessions) were conducted to support the development and validation of a comprehensive pediatric long bone fracture classification system. This system follows the principle of the Müller-AO classification for long bones in adults and integrates most relevant existing pediatric classification systems. The diagnosis includes the distinction betwee...

Osteoporosis is a skeletal metabolic disease characterized by a compromised bone fragility, leading to an increased risk of developing spontaneous and traumatic fractures. Osteoporosis is considered a multifactorial disease and fractures are the results of several different risk factors both extra- and intraskeletal. Thus bone fragility can be the end point of several different causes: a) failu...

Osteoporotic bone with poor mechanical capacity provides limited stability after fixation of ankle fractures. Stabilization with an implant providing increased fixation strength in osteoporotic bone could reduce failure rates of fixation and allow a more functional treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a locking contoured plate for fixation of distal fibular fractures in comparis...

The prevention of osteoporotic fracture is an essential socioeconomical priority, especially in the developed countries including Japan. Estrogen, selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs), and bisphosphonate are potent inhibitors of bone resorption; and they have clinical relevance to reduce osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. However, we can prevent at most 50% of vertebral f...