Results of treatment of AML have improved over the last decade. With modern remission induction chemotherapy, most patients achieve complete remission. The median remission duration is now 1 to 2 years, and a substantial fraction of patients achieve long-term disease-free survival. Bone marrow transplantation provides an improved antileukemic effect compared with chemotherapy alone, and it is t...

We present a case of life-threatening Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with severe hepatitis that was successfully treated by allogeneic stem cell transplantation from an unrelated donor. A 26-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with a high fever and liver dysfunction. Laboratory tests, including bone marrow aspiration, revealed severe HLH that oc...

Chagas disease which is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is an important cause of cardiomyopathy in Latin America. In later stages chagasic cardiomyopathy is associated with congestive heart failure which is often refractory to medical therapy. In these individuals heart transplantation has been attempted. However, this procedure is fraught with many problems attributable to the surgery...

Bone marrow transfusion is a well-established method for induction of mixed hematopoietic chimerism and donor-specific tolerance in animal models. This procedure, however, is inapplicable in clinical transplantation using cadaveric donors due to the interval (1 week to 7 months) between tolerance induction and organ transplantation. For clinical use, it is essential that allografts be placed at...

Cord blood transplantation (CBT) is an attractive alternative therapy in adult patients with advanced hematological malignancies in whom matched donors are unavailable. However, the risk of complications, especially infections, post-CBT increases the mortality rates in these patients. Although the incidence of acute and chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) post-CBT is lower than that follow...

Mixed hematopoietic chimerism is a state in which bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells from two genetically different animals coexist. We investigated whether mixed hematopoietic chimerism, resulting from the transplantation of host and donor bone marrow into a lethally irradiated rat, would confer donor-specific tolerance to lung allografts. Recipient rats (Fisher or or Wistar Furth [WF]) were...

3. Mattsson J, Uzunel M, Remberger M, et al. Minimal residual disease is common after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and may be controlled by graft-versus-host-disease. Leukemia. 2000;14:247-254. 4. Mehta J, Powles R, Singhal S, Iveson T, Treleaven J, Catovsky D. Clinical and hematological response of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and pr...

The first bone marrow transplantation took place in 1949 with studies that demonstrated the protection provided to the spleen of mice given a dose of irradiation that would otherwise be lethal. In 1960, studies in dogs provided important information about bone marrow transplantation in exogamic species, results that are applicable to humans. It was demon‐ strated that dogs could bear 2-3 times ...

Complete DiGeorge syndrome (CDGS) has a severe T-cell immunodeficiency and is fatal without thymus or bone marrow transplantation. Associated congenital heart disease (CHD) further complicates the clinical management. We report an infant with tetralogy of Fallot, confluent and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries, right aortic arch, and aberrant left subclavian artery. He was athymic with no CD3+ T c...

Etoposide and cytarabine have been shown to exert high antileukemic activity and are currently under study as preparatory agents before allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. However, data concerning their engraftment-promoting potency are scarce. Therefore, we tested these agents in LEW rats receiving a myeloablative dose of busulfan followed by transfer of F1 (CAP X LEW) marrow, which is una...