A cross-sectional study on 1206 children (788 boys, 618 girls) aged 1-12 years, belonging to low socioeconomic status, of Barasat and Madhyamgram, West Bengal, India, was undertaken to investigate age and sex variations in height and weight. It also evaluated the levels of underweight and stunting among them. Anthropometric measurements included weight and height. Weight-for-age (WA) and height...

CONTEXT Increased prevalence of obesity in childhood and adolescence, defined by the use of body mass index (BMI), has drawn attention towards direct measurement of body fat. OBJECTIVE To develop age-and sex-specific reference distribution of body fat in apparently healthy North-Indian children in the age group of 7-17 years and to assess agreement between obesity (defined by BMI) and excess ...

Children aged 10-11 years pass through a dynamic developmental period marked by rapid changes in body size, shape, and composition, all of which are sexually dimorphic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of gender on a school-based intervention in the prepubertal growth spurt. One hundred twenty-five healthy children (58 boys, 67 girls), fifth and sixth grade students from an ...

BACKGROUND Intense physical activity (PA) improves muscle strength in children, but it remains uncertain whether moderately intense PA in a population-based cohort of children confers these benefits. METHODS We included children aged 6-9 years in four schools where the intervention school increased the school curriculum of PA from 60 minutes/week to 40 minutes/school day while the control sch...

BACKGROUND Limited data exist regarding the effect of the growth process on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk in male versus female children. HYPOTHESIS The proportion of ACL injuries/sports injuries presenting to clinic will vary by age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional epidemiologic study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS The study group consis...

Aims. To investigate the trend of metabolic syndrome and its components in Tehran children and adolescents during a median followup of 6.6 years. Methods. Data from 1999-2001 (phase I), 2002-2005 (phase II), and 2006-2008 (phase III) of the Tehran, Lipid and Glucose Study were analyzed (n = 5439; age 6-18 years) for the trend of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. General estimation e...

BACKGROUND Adolescence is a vital part of child development, where acquired eating/dietary behaviour is often associated with ones' perception of body shape. OBJECTIVES To assess eating habits in relation to body shape perception and esteem in middle-school (junior-high) pupils. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surveyed subjects were 170 middle-school pupils from Warsaw; 101 girls and 69 boys aged 15 ...

This study was designed to determine the elementary school students’ levels and stages of moral reasoning. Main objectives were measure reasoning find out gender differences in relation 200 students selected as sample study. 100 (50 boys, 50 girls) from 5th 8th grade boys’ girls’ schools. The responses interpreted identify their stage it found that, with a little variation, majority fifth grade...

OBJECTIVE To explore parents' views of extending the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme to also include boys. DESIGN Explorative qualitative design using individual, face-to-face, interviews and inductive thematic analysis. SETTING 11 strategically chosen municipalities in central Sweden. PARTICIPANTS Parents (n=42) who were offered HPV vaccination for their 11-12 years old ...