Introduction: The brachial plexus is responsible for the innervation to the upper limb and some parts of the thorax. Variations in the branching of the brachial plexus are common and have been reported in 65.3% of the population. The variations (Atypical communication) of brachial plexus have significant clinical and surgical importance. Methods: In this study 10 upper limbs which belonged...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of interscalene brachial plexus block as the primary anesthetic for shoulder surgery, the influence on blood loss, and the rate of complication. METHODS Retrospective review of 676 reconstructive surgical procedures of the shoulder for anesthetic technique (regional or general), regional anesthetic technique (paresthesia versus nerve stimulat...

Carbonated local anaesthetics may have shorter latency and greater spread than equivalent hydrochloride salts when used for regional anaesthesia. In brachial plexus anaesthesia produced by the supraclavicular technique, Bromage and Gertel (1970) using 1% lignocaine and Schulte-Steinberg, Hartmuth and Schiitt (1970) using 2% lignocaine, reported a marked decrease in the time of onset of anaesthe...

This blinded, randomized experimental study was designed to evaluate the analgesic effects of adding epinephrine or xylazine to lidocaine solution for brachial plexus block (BPB) in sheep. Nine healthy, fat-tailed female lambs (26.6 ± 1.5 kg) were randomly allocated into three groups: lidocaine 2%, 5 mg kg-1 (LID, n = 6), lidocaine (5 mg kg-1) with epinephrine 5 µg mL...

BACKGROUND An arteriovenous fistula is the optimal form of vascular access in patients with end-stage renal failure requiring haemodialysis. Unfortunately, approximately one-third of fistulae fail at an early stage. Different anaesthetic techniques can influence factors associated with fistula success, such as intraoperative blood flow and venous diameter. A regional anaesthetic brachial plexus...

Horner's syndrome results from paralysis of the ipsilateral sympathetic cervical chain (stellate ganglion) caused by surgery, drugs (mainly high concentrations of local anesthetics), local compression (hematoma or tumor), or inadequate perioperative positioning of the patient. It occurs in 100% of the patients with an interscalene block of the brachial plexus and can also occur in patients with...

UNLABELLED Conceição DB, Helayel PE, Oliveira Filho GR - A Comparative Study between Ultrasound- and Neurostimulation-Guided Axillary Brachial Plexus Block. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The use of ultrasound in Regional Blocks is increasingly more frequent. However, very few studies comparing ultrasound and neurostimulation have been conducted. The objective of this study was to compare neurosti...

brachial plexus injury (bpi) is an uncommon complication of median sternotomy capable of causing a permanent or transitory sensitivity and/or motor function impairment in the upper limbs. during a cardiac surgery through sternotomy, for the assessment of the thoracic cage configuration and the site of mediastinal structures, a broader surgical field may be required. if the sternal retractors ar...

introduction: median nerve (mn), one of terminal branches of brachial plexus, is commonly associated with several variations. this research aimed to review the literature related to the variations of mn from axillary region to cubital fossa. methods: we searched google scholar, science direct, springer, and pubmed electronic databases to compile reports related to the variation of mn published ...