a multiple-unit oral floating system was prepared using the emulsification-solvent diffusion method to prolong the gastric emptying time of theophylline. for this purpose, theophylline, ethyl cellulose and dibutyl phthalate were dissolved in an ethanol/dichloromethane mixture, added to 0.1 m hcl containing nacl (20%) or saturated theophylline and/or different concentrations of polysorbate 80 an...

introduction dosimetric accuracy is a major issue in the quality assurance (qa) program for treatment planning systems (tps). an important contribution to this process has been a proper dosimetry method to guarantee the accuracy of delivered dose to the tumor. in brachytherapy (bt) of gynecological (gyn) cancer it is usual to insert a combination of tandem and ovoid applicators with a complicat...

introduction after the publication of task group number 43 dose calculation formalism by the american association of physicists in medicine (aapm), this method has been known as the most common dose calculation method in brachytherapy treatment planning. in this formalism, the water phantom is introduced as the reference dosimetry phantom, while the attenuation coefficient of the sources in the...

This paper reports a microfluidic synthesis method for manufacturing magnetochromatic microspheres. The magnetochromatic microspheres are magneto-responsive color-changing microparticles in which embedded magnetic nanoparticles diffract different colors of light depending on their nanoscale interparticle spacing within their one-dimensional (1D) arrangements [1]. Our microfluidic approach in co...

abstractbackground: polymer gels are an emerging new class of dosimeters which are being applied to the challenges of modern radiotherapy modalities. research on gel dosimetry involves several scientific domains, one of which is the imaging techniques with which dose data is extracted from the dosimeters. in the current work, we present our preliminary results of investigating capability of x-r...

conclusions according to the results, the old dosimetry formalisms, overestimate the dose especially towards the applicator’s tip. while the tg-43u1 based software perform the calculations more accurately. results for a typical arrangement of 10 active pellets in the applicator, the percentage difference between doses obtained by the new algorithm at 1cm distance from the tip of the applicator ...

Brachytherapy (derived from the Greek term brachios, meaning short) is defined as the treatment of tumors through the placement of radioactive sources into or close to the malignant lesion. The main advantage of brachytherapy is based on the inverse squared law inherent to radioactive sources, which allows the delivery of a very high dose of radiation to the tumor with a substantial sparing of ...

We consider the inverse planning problem in brachytherapy, i.e. the problem to determine an optimal number of catheters, number of sources for low-dose rate brachytherapy (LDR) and the optimal dwell times for high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR) necessary to obtain an optimal as possible dose distribution. Starting from the 1930s, inverse planning for LDR brachytherapy used geometrically derived ...

The present study envisages formulation of wax microparticulate drug delivery system. The objective of the present study was to minimise the unwanted side effects of Ketoprofene drug formulated by Congealable disperse encapsulation method using biodegradable waxes such as beeswax, ceresin wax microspheres using a wetting agent. Solid, discrete, reproducible free flowing microspheres were obtain...

The purpose of this study was to develop novel lidocaine microspheres. Microspheres were prepared by the oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion technique using poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide acid) (PLGA) for the controlled delivery of lidocaine. The average diameter of lidocaine PLGA microspheres was 2.34±0.3 μm. The poly disperse index was 0.21±0.03, and the zeta potential was +0.34±0.02 mV. The encapsula...