A previously fit 22 year old man was struck in the chest by a concrete block dropped through the windscreen of his car while he was driving on the motorway. He suffered extensive chest wall trauma and lung contusion, which subsequently precipitated acute respiratory distress. On admission ECG showed right bundle branch block and left axis deviation. Three days later QRS duration was normal but ...

Patients with active bleeding complications who concomitantly develop overt pulmonary embolism (PE) present distinct therapeutic dilemmas, since they are perceived to be at substantial risk for the progression of the embolism in the absence of treatment and for aggravation of the hemorrhagic lesions if treated with anticoagulants. A 76-year-old patient with nephrotic syndrome, which is associat...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with blood-brain opening and may be involved in the pathophysiology of acute brain injury. Previous research demonstrated that knockout mice deficient in MMP-9 subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia had reduced blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and attenuated cerebral infarction. In this study, we examined MMP-9 up-regulation, BBB disru...

Previous studies have shown that administration of riboflavin, vitamin B2, significantly reduced edema formation following experimental stroke. The present study evaluated the ability of B2 to improve behavioral function, reduce edema formation, and limit glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression following frontal cortex contusion injury. Groups of rats were assigned to B2 (7.5 mg/kg) o...

αB-crystallin is a member of the heat shock protein family that exerts cell protection under several stress-related conditions. Recent studies have revealed that αB-crystallin plays a beneficial role in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, brain ischemia, and Alexander disease. Whether αB-crystallin plays a role in modulating the secondary damage after CNS trauma is not known. We report here th...

OBJECTIVE In view of the association of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon 4 allele with poor outcome after traumatic brain injury we determined the frequency of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and the extent of haemorrhagic pathology in relation to APOE genotype in an autopsy series of 88 head injured cases. METHODS Tissue sections from the frontal and temporal lobes were immunostained fo...

purpose :   despite numerous studies which have been done regarding soccer injuries worldwide, there is lack of available data considering the epidemiology of injuries in the iranian soccer premier league , although it is the most popular sport in the country. t he main goal of this research was to determine the incidence of physical injuries in the studied population, considering other charact...