Despite a concerted worldwide effort to eradicate Plasmodium falciparum malaria, this disease remains a major public health problem. One of the most serious complications of this affliction is cerebral malaria, which often is fatal1). Blood microvessels in the brain and other organs are obstructed by the malaria-infected erythrocytes. According to the WHO classification, over 5% of malaria infe...

The peripheral production of leptin by adipose tissue and its putative effect as a signal of satiety in the central nervous system suggest that leptin gains access to the regions of the brain regulating energy balance by crossing the brain capillary endothelium, which constitutes the blood-brain barrier in vivo. The present experiments characterize the binding and internalization of mouse recom...

This study was conducted on human developing brain by laser confocal and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to make a detailed analysis of important features of blood-brain barrier (BBB) microvessels and possible control mechanisms of vessel growth and differentiation during cerebral cortex vascularization. The BBB status of cortex microvessels was examined at a defined stage of cortex deve...

Subarachnoid hemorrhage and transient global cerebral ischemia result in similar pathophysiological changes in the cerebral microcirculation. These changes include microvascular constriction, increased leukocyte-endothelial interactions, blood brain barrier disruption, and microthrombus formation. This paper will look at various animal and preclinical studies that investigate these various micr...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Age-related changes in the cerebrovasculature, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, are emerging as potential risks for diverse neurological conditions. Because the accumulation of senescent cells in tissues is increasingly recognized as a critical step leading to age-related organ dysfunction, we evaluated whether senescent vascular cells are associated with c...

TO THE EDITOR: The paper by Holowatz et al. (3) may be advancing our ability to achieve the elusive goal of using readily accessible vessels, such as in the skin, as diagnostic surrogates for the vessels supplying internal organs (especially the heart and brain). This advance would allow minimally invasive detection of early, presymptomatic disease of the arteries in the critical organs. The ne...

TO THE EDITOR: The paper by Holowatz et al. (3) may be advancing our ability to achieve the elusive goal of using readily accessible vessels, such as in the skin, as diagnostic surrogates for the vessels supplying internal organs (especially the heart and brain). This advance would allow minimally invasive detection of early, presymptomatic disease of the arteries in the critical organs. The ne...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Production of NO by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) plays a protective role in cerebral ischemia. We studied the effects of transient focal ischemia on eNOS expression. METHODS Wistar rats (n=72) underwent reversible filament occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 75 minutes. After 6, 24, 72, or 168 hours of reperfusion, brains were removed and coronal section...

The tight coupling between increased neuronal activity and local cerebral blood flow, known as functional hyperemia, is essential for normal brain function. However, its cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the cerebellum, functional hyperemia depends almost exclusively on nitric oxide (NO). Here, we investigated the role of different neuronal populations in the contro...