STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of a new expandable interbody cage in single-segment posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) using cadaveric lumbar spines. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA One of the popular methods of treating lumbar spine pathologies involves a posterior lumbar interbody fusion using bilateral interbody nonexpan...

Chaperonin GroEL mediates the folding of protein encapsulated in a GroES-sealed cavity (cage). Recently, a critical role of negative charge clusters on the cage wall in folding acceleration was proposed based on experiments using GroEL single-ring (SR) mutants SR1 and SRKKK2 [Tang YC, et al. (2006) Cell 125:903-914; Chakraborty K, et al. (2010) Cell 142:112-122]. Here, we revisited these experi...

A construction method for duplex cage structures with icosahedral symmetry made out of single-stranded DNA molecules is presented and applied to an icosidodecahedral cage. It is shown via a mixture of analytic and computer techniques that there exist realisations of this graph in terms of two circular DNA molecules. These blueprints for the organisation of a cage structure with a noncrystallogr...

The first encapsulation of hydrogen fluoride in an open-cage fullerene is reported. Solution and solid-state NMR spectra of the novel open-cage endofullerene are described.

The aim of the study was to define extent occurrence stereotypic compulsive behaviour in chinchillas (biting cage, licking paws, fur chewing, aimless running around cage) depending on displayed character type (temperament). Thirty were assigned three (temperament) groups basis a behavioural test. conclusion analysis that not displaying any signs fear or hyper-excitability spent least time behav...

This study aimed to evaluate egg production systems within the scope of sustainability criteria under Turkey conditions. A standardized data approach was used measure and compare systems. The covered a one-year egg-laying cycle 24 farms including conventional cage, organic, free-range Hens in cages had higher lower feed intake compared hens organic highest mortality found while lowest cage syst...

Chance is a broad concept which has become an important factor in linking science and art in the twentieth century. Simultaneously, concept emerged as a new scientific paradigm in Arts by Henry Poincaré and especially Marcel Duchamp, who has affected many artists such as John Cage, one of aleatoric music pioneers .This paper investigates the differences and similarities of the chance concept in...