The article focuses on the relationship between laws of religion and custom in traditional Kazakh society role importance oratory judiciary. legal system steppes, level implementation Sharia its impact judiciary, "rules road" peculiarities judiciary are also discussed. A comparative analysis Muslim law is made. carried out terms order rules work people process settlement solution problem such a...

Soon after his arrival as newly appointed governor of Iraq, al-Ḥajjāj (d. 95/714) faced a standoff with prominent member the Baṣran garrison, Ibn al-Jārūd al-ʿAbdī 76/695). In this article, I track course rebellion an example political system that, lacking hegemonic coercion and control, was rather characterized by multiple overlapping centers authority in which caliph, governor, those under th...

ABSTRACT
 The development of Islamic political thought has been going on for 15 centuries and Islam is a distinctive independent cultural unit. Political Thought examines the exercise power, who deserves to it how much power they can have. tries explain concept Justice that carried out in human relations, especially system government between ruling ruled, including thoughts leaders have th...

Glass mosaic decorations were used throughout the medieval Mediterranean as a powerful medium to convey religious and political agendas, yet we know next nothing about source of materials transmission necessary technical know-how. Mosaics are generally considered Byzantine art form, not least due their prominence in church architecture because Islamic textual sources assert that glass tesserae ...

North Africa (west of Egypt) is a compelling locale to explore how and when Muslim minority became the majority. Previous scholarly approaches medieval religious change rely almost exclusively on much later written sources, as result, little understood about landscape in which believers operated in. This article examines critically material evidence for mosque construction church abandonment pr...

This paper opens with a consideration of the biography large basin discovered during excavations at Abbasid capital Samarra. The large, circular, from Samarra closely matches historical descriptions fountain located in city’s Congregational Mosque which became known as “kasat firun,” or “Cup Pharaoh” and, since its discovery, this excavated and account have often been conflated one same. is car...

Muslims have played very important role in the field of medical science. They began experiments and observations from first century Hijra. Islam created great enthusiasm for scientific activities. After extensive translation Greek, Sanskrit some other ancient languages into Arabic, Islamic physicians had at their disposal nearly all valuable works, like Hippocratic Galenic writings. were immens...

Various studies have been conducted on memory. One of the most striking these is theory “cultural memory” put forward by J. Assmann. According to this theory, memory divided into two. Communicative includes memories that an individual shares whit contemporaries. This formed in present moment and continues exist only as long its bearers live. Cultural memory, other hand, based a time ago. contai...