The aim of this study was to attempt at providing a complete picture of dynamics of selected biochemical blood parameters (parathyroid hormone, Calcium, Phosphorus, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine and ionized calcium) around calving period in high producing dairy cattle (Holstein breed), giving new and useful information about the guidelines for the management strategies during different physiologi...

[1] We used time-lapse imagery, seismic and audio recordings, iceberg and glacier velocities, ocean wave measurements, and simple theoretical considerations to investigate the interactions between Jakobshavn Isbræ and its proglacial ice mélange. The mélange behaves as a weak, granular ice shelf whose rheology varies seasonally. Sea ice growth in winter stiffens the mélange matrix by binding ice...

A grazing study was initiated in April 2000 and continued through three calving and weaning cycles (ending July 2003) to investigate the effects of rotational grazing management (twice monthly [2M] vs. twice weekly [2W]) and weaning date (mid-April [EARLY] vs. early June [LATE]) on production of fall-calving cow-calf pairs (495 +/- 9.6 kg initial BW) grazing Neotyphodium coenophialum-infected t...

An unexplained haemorrhagic disorder of young calves, Bovine Neonatal Pancytopaenia (BNP), has appeared in Europe since 2007. BNP affected 14 beef calves born between March 2009 and April 2010 in 210-cow Scottish beef herd; only one calf survived. During both calving seasons the cows appeared clinically well and calved normally, giving birth to apparently healthy calves of a good birth weight. ...

A similar proportion of beef cows and heifers exposed to estrous synchronization (ES) and artificial insemination (AI) became pregnant during the breeding season, compared with females bred via natural service breeding. Females in a breeding system that included ES and AI calved earlier in the calving season, compared with females bred with natural service, but no advantage was present for weig...

A 1-yr calving interval (CInt) is usually associated with maximized milk output, due to the calving-related peak in yield. Extending CInt could benefit cow health and production efficiency fewer transition periods per unit of time. can affect lactation performance by days dry year, delayed pregnancy effect on yield, greater solid yield late lactation. This study first investigated effects 3 dif...

According to the most recent National Animal Health Monitoring System for dairy cattle (National Animal Health Monitoring System, 2008), leading causes of morbidity in dairy cattle are clinical mastitis, lameness, infertility, retained placenta, milk fever, reproductive problems, and displaced abomasum. Of cows removed from herds, about 53% leave for one or more of the above reasons. Additional...

Birth weight (BWT) and calving difficulty (CD) were recorded on 4,579 first-parity females from the Germplasm Evaluation Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC). Both traits were analyzed using a bivariate animal model with direct and maternal effects. Calving difficulty was transformed from the USMARC scores to corresponding -scores from the standard normal distribution based ...

In dairy cows the peripartum period involves endocrine and metabolic changes to compensate for the increased energy requirement aggravated by reduced feed intake. Cows adjust to the resulting negative energy balance with the mobilization of lipids from adipose tissue that, if excessive, could lead to many transition disorders compromising the offspring’s growth and well-being. The aim of this s...

Estimates of covariance components between scrotal circumference, serving capacity, days to calving, yearling and final weight were obtained for Hereford, Angus and Zebu cross cattle in temperate and tropical Australia. Analyses were carried out by restricted maximum likelihood employing a derivative-free algorithm and fitting bivariate animal models. Aspects of modeling and computational requi...