Abstract During cancer and chronic viral infections, the persistence of antigen progressively causes CD8+ T cells to differentiate into a dysfunctional PD1+ “exhausted” state, with reduced production inflammatory cytokines relative effector that form during acute infections. Antigen costimulation signals activate kinase cascades induce distinct cell transcription programs, but how distinguish p...

BACKGROUND Our study aimed to assess the endometrial cancer risk after tamoxifen adjuvant treatment for female breast cancer patients in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 74,280 breast cancer patients between January 1997 and December 2004 were included in the study; 39,411 received tamoxifen treatment and 34,869 did not. Tamoxifen-associated endometrial cancer was defined as endometri...

Photomediated immunotherapy explored to combine the anti-cancer effect of phototherapy with immune enhancement ability immunotherapy, and shown great prospects for cancer treatment strategies. However, photomediated triggered antitumor immunity through release tumor antigens damage-associated molecular patterns from necrotic cells was not enough mighty improve therapeutic benefits due immunosup...

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a surface protein overexpressed in tumor cells. Recently, targeted therapy using PD-L1 antibodies to reconstitute the antitumor activity of T cells has received considerable attention as cancer treatment. Among several types anti-PD-L1 antibodies, small-sized antibody fragments are useful agents block for experimental and therapeutic purposes owing their hig...

An investigation of the structure and dynamics of the high-energy ionic liquid, 1-hydroxyethyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate (HEATN), was undertaken. Both experimental and computational methods were employed to understand the fundamental properties, characteristics, and behavior of HEATN. The charge separation, according to the electrostatic potential derived charges, was assessed. The MP2 (...

Human exposure to pollutants from e-waste is an important scientific issue for their health effects. In this study, organohalogen pollutants in human serum sample from an e-waste dismantling site (n=35) and a control site (n=21), both located in Tianjin, Northern China, were analyzed using GC-ECNI-MS. Geometric mean concentrations of tetra- through hexa-BDEs, hepta- through nona-BDEs, PCBs, PBB...

Background: Postoperative chemotherapy (pCT), together with chemoradiotherapy (pCRT), is well used for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in esophagus. However, these adjuvant therapies may cause serious adverse effects resulting higher postoperative morbidity.
 Methods: In this study, we aim to assess and compare cardiopulmonary complications as a result pCT pCRT patients esophageal...

This article presents a rare case of a common disease, prostate cancer. A 57 year-old patient undergoing annual check-up for prostate cancer presents with a prostate specific antigen (PSA) level as low as 0.64 ng/ml. This patient was revealed to suffer from prostate cancer pT2c pNx pMx. This article assesses the implications of low prostate specific antigen for prostate cancer and discusses the...

Targeted subunit vaccines for cancer immunotherapy do not capture tumor antigenic complexity, and approaches employing tumor lysate are often limited by inefficient antigen uptake and presentation, and low immunogenicity. Here, whole cancer cells are processed to generate antigen-rich, membrane-enclosed subcellular particles, termed "reduced cancer cells", that reflect the diversity and breadth...