Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common illness with an estimated incidence of 2–12 cases/1000 population per year. 2 The majority of cases of CAP are successfully managed outside hospital, but approximately 20% require hospital admission. Out of this group about 10% develop severe CAP and need treatment in an intensive care unit (ICU). The mortality of these patients can exceed 50%, and...

The 7-methylguanosine triphosphate cap present at the 5' ends of eukaryotic mRNAs plays numerous roles in mRNA expression and metabolism. The identification and studies on cap-binding partners can be significantly advanced using tailored chemical tools such as synthetic cap analogues or RNAs carrying modified cap structures. Here we provide protocols for the production of mRNAs specifically lab...

Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) contains two major open reading frames encoding the replication-associated proteins and the major structural capsid (Cap) protein. PCV1 Cap has an N-terminus carrying several potential monopartite or bipartite nuclear localization signals (NLS). The contribution of these partially overlapping motifs to nuclear importing was identified by expression of mutated PC...

OBJECTIVE(S) The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of Chloramphenicol (CAP) on rat liver and small intestine. Effect of phenobarbital (PB) on CAP toxicity was also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were received CAP at doses of 0, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg. Another group was pretreated with 80 mg/kg PB 30 min prior to administration of various doses of CAP. The experimen...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Two approaches to target plaque vulnerability-a histopathologic classification scheme and a biomechanical analysis-were compared and the implications for noninvasive risk stratification of carotid plaques using magnetic resonance imaging were assessed. METHODS Seventy-five histological plaque cross sections were obtained from carotid endarterectomy specimens from 34 pat...

PURPOSE The burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is not well described in the US Veterans Health Administration (VHA). METHODS CAP was defined as having a pneumonia diagnosis with evidence of chest X-ray, and no evidence of prior (90 days) hospitalization/long-term care. We calculated incidence rates of adult CAP occurring in inpatient or outpatient VHA settings in 2011. We also estim...

A sensitive square wave voltammetric method for the determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) was developed using electrochemically pretreated glassy carbon electrode (EPGCE). Electrochemical pretreatment of the electrode greatly enhanced the reduction peak current (Ip) of CAP. The electrochemical investigation of CAP was carried out by using cyclic and square wave voltammetry techniques. CAP show...

0022±2836/98/380495±10 $30.00/0 The lac operon of Escherichia coli is positively regulated by the catabolite activator protein (CAP) bound upstream of the ÿ45 region (CAP binding is centered at ÿ61.5; the ÿ45 region extends from ÿ50 to ÿ38). Certain mutations within the ÿ45 region generate sequences that resemble UP elements in base composition and mimic the stimulation by the rrnBP1 UP element...

BACKGROUND Millions of older adults who develop community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) each year survive, but there is a large knowledge gap on the burden of CAP and the recovery process in survivors from the patient perspective. METHODS The newly developed CAP Burden of Illness Questionnaire was administered through a Web survey to a nationwide sample of US adults aged ≥50 years who were recentl...

The multifunctional large (L) polymerase protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) contains enzymatic activities essential for RNA synthesis, including mRNA cap addition and polyadenylation. We previously mapped amino acid residues G1154, T1157, H1227, and R1228, present within conserved region V (CRV) of L, as essential for mRNA cap addition. Here we show that alanine substitutions to these ...