Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic, suppurative disease, with a worldwide distribution, caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. The clinical manifestation of CLA is known to vary between different countries, and has been postulated to be due to differences in the strains present in these countries. Forty-two sheep and goat isolates of C. pseudotuberculosis from Australia, Canada, Ei...

The PNAS article by Stiner et al. (1), “A forager–herder trade-off, from broad-spectrum hunting to sheep management at Aşıklı Höyük, Turkey,” adds a major new element to our evidence for—and understanding of— the appearance of the first animal herding in southwest Asia, involving the earliest management of caprines (managed caprines including sheep and goat), as well as an important methodologi...

European Community (EC) legislation requires identification and registration of bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine animals. For intra-Community trade, bovine animals must be accompanied by a passport and the required health certificate, and identified by a tag on each ear. The principles of active identification of bovine animals (by ear tags) and of ovine, caprine and porcine animals (by ear t...

OBJECTIVE Sperm morphology plays an important role in infertility, especially in cases of defects in the heads of spermatozoa. Tapered-head or elongated-head spermatozoa are examples of morphological abnormalities. The aim of this study was to compare the semen parameters, levels of protamine deficiency, and frequency of apoptosis between patients with normozoospermia and those with teratozoosp...

The motility characteristics and the behaviour of caput spermatozoa were investigated. After dilution in B2 medium the majority of spermatozoa presented head-to-head agglutination and a twisted flagellum. Only a small population of these spermatozoa developed an anarchic motility pattern. The addition of crude bovine epididymal fluid forward motility protein (FMP) to the incubation medium suppr...

The effect of iron on the attachment of gonococci to human spermatozoa was investigated using the three iron salts, ferric chloride, ferric nitrate, and ammonium ferric citrate (AFC). Ferric chloride and ferric nitrate were found to be unsuitable for such studies because they were insoluble at physiological pH values, produced a marked decrease in the pH of unbuffered medium (Ringer's solution)...

BACKGROUND The adverse effects on offspring of diabetic and/or obese mothers can be passed to the next generation. However, the mechanisms behind this are still unclear. Epigenetics may play a key role during this process. METHODS To confirm the hypothesis, we investigated the DNA methylation of several imprinted genes in spermatozoa of offspring from diabetic and/or obese mothers utilizing s...

Problem: The sequential changes in the immunogenicity of spermatozoa in male reproductive tract and the effect of seminal vesicle secretions are long thought to act as central players in influencing immunological equilibrium in the male reproductive tract. Method of Study: Popliteal lymph nodes of mice were collected on the 8th day after sensitizing them with the testicular and epididymal sperm...

The main objective of the current study was to explore the different activation mechanisms of capacitation and freeze-thawed spermatozoa. Using SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, the conversion process of boar proacrosin during freeze-thawing and capacitation of spermatozoa was analyzed. The results revealed that capacitated spermatozoa exhibited a greater fluorescence area than that of the freeze-...

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of cryopreservation methods for ex situ conservation of spermatozoa from far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. The spermatozoa activity index (SAI) and hatching rates were higher in spermatozoa stored in Alserver's solution than those of spermatozoa stored in glucose solution. The SAI and hatching rates in all experimental groups gradually decrea...