the purpose of this research was to design a semi-industrial culture medium to obtain the maximum biomass production from bacterium bacillus subtilis utb96. in the first step, in order to reduce the cost of culture medium components, commercial products and industrial by products including, sugar beet molasses, sugar cane molasses, potato waste water and milk serum as carbon sources and corn st...

Fermentation of lactose in whey permeate directly into ethanol has had only limited commercial success, as the yields and alcohol tolerances of the organisms capable of directly fermenting lactose are low. This study proposes an alternative strategy: treat the permeate with acid to liberate monomeric sugars that are readily fermented into ethanol. We identified optimum hydrolysis conditions tha...

In June 2007 sediment cores were collected in Alaminos Canyon, Gulf of Mexico across a series of seismic data profiles indicating rapid transitions between the presence of methane hydrates and vertical gas flux. Vertical profiles of dissolved sulfate, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations in porewaters, headspace methane, and solid phase carbonate con...

The fixation of inorganic carbon has been documented in all three domains of life and results in the biosynthesis of diverse organic compounds that support heterotrophic organisms. The primary aim of this study was to assess carbon dioxide fixation in high-temperature Fe(III)-oxide mat communities and in pure cultures of a dominant Fe(II)-oxidizing organism (Metallosphaera yellowstonensis strai...

Considerable efforts have been made to develop effective and sustainable catalysts, e.g., carbon-/biochar-based catalyst, for the decontamination of organic pollutants in water/wastewater. Most published studies evaluated catalytic performance mainly upon degradation efficiency parent compounds; however, comprehensive field-relevant assessment is still need. This review critically analysed indi...

In the synthesis of organic phosphorus compounds by the plant and in their storage in the seed as reserve food the inorganic phosphates play an important part. The phosphorus used in this synthetic process is taken into the plant in inorganic form and used in the building up of complex organic phosphorus compounds such as lecithins, phosphoand nucleo-prot,eins and salts of phytic acid. It is be...

Arsenic is classified as a carcinogen for humans, but as a possible genotoxic agent. Thus, taking into account the controversial data about how arsenic compounds are able to induce genetic damage, we investigated the possible genotoxic activity of different arsenic compounds in the TK6 human lymphoblastoid cell line using the alkaline Comet assay. Eight different inorganic and organic arsenical...

In this work the synthesis of polyaniline/chitosan/functionalized single- walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite is carried out. For this purpose single -walled carbon nanotubes were reacted with thionyl chloride to change the hydroxyl to acyl chloride groups for improving the react ability. In other step, aniline monomers and chitosan were polymerized in the presence of Iron (III) chloride to sy...

Phosphoenolpyruvate was formed by rabbit liver mitochondria during incubations in the presence of dinitrophenol with oc-ketoglutarate and with other Krebs cycle intermediates as substrates. These intermediates, as indicated by experiments with labeled compounds, served as precursors for the carbon skeleton of the synthesized phosphoenolpyruvate. The phosphate, in the absence of exogenous supply...