The accurate measurement of pediatric cardiac output by thermodilution requires that the quantity of cold indicator introduced into the central circulation be known. This study defines an important source of error in the correction factor for the amount of heat gained by small volumes of cold injectate during passage through pediatric catheter systems. This error may result in significant overe...

AIMS Patients with sickle cell disease have significant morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary hypertension is suggested to be an important contributor but its nature and severity in these patients and how best to non-invasively assess it are controversial. We hypothesised that a high-output state rather than primary pulmonary vascular pathology may be the major abnormality in sickle cell disease. ...

Outcomes in the management of critically ill patients may be improved using goal-directed peri-operative haemodynamic monitoring. A conservative approach may no longer be acceptable but in view of the significant morbidity associated with balloon tipped flow directed pulmonary artery catheters a non-invasive approach would be preferable. In this review we consider the different non-invasive tec...

Although the hmmodynamic responses to cigarette smoking have been extensively studied, considerable controversy still exists as to the presence or degree of deleterious effects on the circulatory system (Roth and Shick, 1958). There is, however, general agreement that nicotine is the pharmacologically active substance in tobacco smoke (Comroe, 1960; Haag, 1940; Roth, 1960). From 1 to 4 mg. of n...

Maximum cardiac output (Qmax) was determined for 233 males (aged 9 through 53 years) and 102 females (aged 9 through 20 years) by the carbon dioxide rebreathing technique during bicycle exercise. Maximum cardiac output of the males progressively increased from 12.5 to 22.0 liter/min until age 17 through 18 years and was maintained at this level until age 24 years. From age 25 years a decrease i...

The possibility that the increased cardiac output observed in severe anemia is clue to a humoral mechanism was investigated by an assay procedure in which blood from anemic donor dogs was infused into normal assay clogs. Blood removed from anemic donors during the period of augmented cardiac output and infused into assay clogs produced cardiovascular changes which were statistically different f...

55. Treister N, Wagner K, Jansen PR. Reproducibility of impedance cardiography parameters in outpatients with clinically stable coronary artery disease. Am J Hypertens. 2005;18(Pt 2):44S–50S. 56. Barcarse E, Kazanegra R, Chen A, et al. Combination of B-type natriuretic peptide levels and non-invasive hemodynamic parameters in diagnosing congestive heart failure in the emergency department. Cong...