Glyoxysome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and proplastid fractions were isolated from endosperm of castor beans (Ricinus communis) germinated for 5 days at 30 C. Samples from sucrose density gradients were diluted with 0.15 m KCI and the membranes pelleted. Lipid extracts of these membranes were analyzed for phosphoglyceride, acyl lipid, and sterol content. The endoplasmic reticulum cont...

Crude organelle preparations from castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) endosperm rapidly incorporate CDP-((14)C)choline and CDP-((14)C)-ethanolamine into phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, respectively. Separation of organelles by sucrose density gradient centrifugation following incubation with these substrates demonstrated that most of the (14)C phospholipids thus formed were pres...

Of the total protein in the protein bodies of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), approximately 40% is represented by a group of closely related albumins localized in the matrix of the organelle. This group of albumins has a sedimentation value of 2S and is resolved into several proteins of molecular weight around 12,000 daltons by sodium dodecyl sulfate-acrylamide gel electrophoresis. It has a ...

During germination and early growth of the castor bean (Ricinus communis) nitrogenous constituents from the endosperm are transferred via the cotyledons to the growing embryo. Exudate collected from the cut hypocotyl of 4-day seedlings contained 120 millimolar soluble amino nitrogen and glutamine was the predominant amino acid present, comprising 35 to 40% of the total amino nitrogen. To determ...

The intrinsic membrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum from endosperm of maturing and germinated seedlings of castor bean (Ricinus communis) were studied. Preparations were simultaneously subjected to two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. At least 30 separate proteins were distinguished by staining the gels with Coomassie R-250. The characteristic protein profiles obtained f...

The finding that in the endosperm of germinating castor bean, the enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle were housed in a special organelle, the glyoxysome (1, 2) raised the question of its biogenesis. We have shown that glyoxysome protein increases strikingly during the early stages of germination and concluded that rapid formation of new organelles occurs at this time (8). When the individual organe...

The distribution of polysomes in the cells of the endosperm of very young (48 hours of germination) seedlings of castor bean (Ricinus communis var. Hale) has been examined. Seedlings exposed to 100 micromolar gibberellin A(3) for periods up to 24 hours showed increased numbers of polysomes associated with endomembranes. Cytosol-derived polysomes were generally of a shorter mean length than memb...

Intact mitochondria from the endosperm of castor bean were isolated on linear sucrose gradients. These mitochondria were ruptured and the membranes separated on discontinuous sucrose gradients into outer membrane, intact inner membrane, and ruptured inner membrane fractions. Each membrane fraction was examined for its capacity to synthesize phosphatidylglycerol, CDP-diglyceride, phosphatidylcho...

Castor bean has not been well studied in different genotypes and geographic zones despite its application industry medicine. Recently, the use of castor beans as biodiesel makes this plant a point interest for researchers. However, more studies are needed evaluating from ecologies. The effect climatic zones, Adana Mersin, on fatty acid profile chaster seed oils was investigated. It found that l...

The seeds of the Ricinus communis (Castor bean) plant are the source of the economically important commodity castor oil. Castor seeds also contain the proteins ricin and R. communis agglutinin (RCA), two toxic lectins that are hazardous to human health. Radial immunodiffusion (RID) and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are two antibody-based methods commonly used to quantify ricin a...