Abstract According to the so-called ‘proportionality principle’, causes should be proportional their effects: they both enough and not too much for occurrence of effects. This principle is subject an ongoing debate. On one hand, many maintain that it required address problem causal exclusion take capture a crucial aspect causation. other object renders accounts causation implausibly restrictive...

It is generally accepted that the most serious threat to the possibility of mental causation is posed by the causal self-sufficiency of physical causal processes. I argue, however, that this feature of the world, which I articulate in principle I call Completeness, in fact poses no genuine threat to mental causation. Some find Completeness threatening to mental causation because they confuse it...

This paper aims to bridge philosophical and psychological research on causation, counterfactual thought, the problem of backtracking. Counterfactual approaches causation such as that by Lewis have ruled out backtracking, while prominent models causal inference interventionist counterfactuals do not backtrack. However, various formal models, certain backtracking end up being true, evidence shows...

In The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Disease, Derek Bolton Grant Gillett argue that a defensible updated version the biopsychosocial model requires metaphysically adequate account disease causation can accommodate biological, psychological, social factors. This present paper offers philosophical critique their causation. I relies on claims about normativity semantic content biological inf...

Abstract This paper is concerned with the content of causal proportionality constraint. It investigates two general versions constraint, namely “horizontal” and “vertical” proportionality. Moreover, it discusses whether considered an ontic or epistemic, i.e. explanatory, constraint on causation in context some most prominent theories causation. The following main claims are defended: (1) horizo...

Causation by omission is instantiated when an effect occurs from an absence, as in The absence of nicotine causes withdrawal or Not watering the plant caused it to wilt. The phenomenon has been viewed as an insurmountable problem for process theories of causation, which specify causation in terms of conserved quantities, like force, but not for theories that specify causation in terms of statis...

There is an ongoing debate regarding how and when an agent's or determinant's impact can be interpreted as causation with respect to some target disease. The criteria of causation, originating from the seminal work of Sir Austin Bradford Hill and Mervyn Susser, are often schematically applied and, furthermore, there is a tendency to misinterpret the lack of evidence for causation as evidence fo...

This paper offers four main arguments about the nature of causation in the social sciences. First, contrary to most recent work, I argue that there is a unitary conception of causation: a cause raises the probability of an event. This understanding of causation, borrowed from but not wedded to Bayesian inference, provides common semantic ground on which to base a reconstruction of causation. I ...