Monoclonal antibodies directed against the CD20 surface antigen on B cells are widely used in therapy of cell malignancies. Upon administration, bind to expressing and induce their depletion via cell- complement-dependent cytotoxicity or by induction direct killing. The three currently most often clinic Rituximab (RTX), Ofatumumab (OFA) Obinutuzumab (OBI). Even though these all human IgG1 subcl...

Normal (IMR-90) and SV40-transformed (VA-13) human embryo cells were treated with 8-carbamoyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)imidazo[5,1-d] -1,2,3,5-tetrazin-4(3H)-one (M&B 39565), and the effects of the drug on cell viability and cellular DNA integrity were studied. The effects of M&B 39565 were compared with one of its potential decomposition products 5-[3-(2-chloroethyl)triazen-1 -yl]imidazole-4-carboxami...

Using viable cell counting and the incorporation of radioactive thymidine in cell TCA precipitate, we have attempted to separate the effects of asbestos on cell growth inhibition (reproductive failure) vs. cell killing. NIEHS crocidolite and NIEHS intermediate-sized chrysotile at a concentration of 10 micrograms/mL were studied. Cytotoxic effects were demonstrated with both types of asbestos. T...

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric malignant primary renal tumor. Carboplatin (CRB), a platinum compound is widely used in the treatment of multiple cancers including ovarian, lung, head and neck, and wilm’s tumor. However lower uptake of CRB in cancer cells and toxicity concerns in healthy cells often limited its clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitum...

Conventional cancer therapies are based on preferential killing of tumor cells by DNA damage. Previous work showed that, for certain cell types, loss of integrin-mediated adhesion decreased the apoptotic response to DNA damage because of decreased p53 levels after detachment from the extracellular matrix. Integrin ligation restored p53 and sensitivity to DNA damage. In this study, we show that ...

Background: Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) play a crucial role in the initiation, progression, and recurrence of cancer. Evidence indicates that the high linear energy transfer (LET) carbon ion beam is more effective against CSCs than the conventional X-ray beam. Carbon ion radiotherapy is considered as a promising cancer strategy, however, information about whether, or not, new CSCs are induced...

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable partly because no effective cell cycle-based therapy has been available to both control tumor cell proliferation and synergize with cytotoxic killing. PD 0332991 is an orally active small molecule that potently and specifically inhibits Cdk4 and Cdk6. It has been shown to induce rapid G(1) cell cycle arrest in primary human myeloma cells and suppress tumo...

background: recent results have provided increasing evidence to support involvement of membrane damage in the mechanism of ionizing radiation induced killing of mammalian cells. these findings have stimulated renewed interest in evaluating the damage to membrane as a primary initiator in radiation-induced cell killing especially in apoptotic death. the present study was aimed to gain deeper ins...

We determined one mechanism by which the putative phosphoinositide-dependent kinase (PDK)-1 inhibitor 2-amino-N-{4-[5-(2-phenanthrenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-phenyl}acetamide (OSU-03012) killed primary human glioma and other transformed cells. OSU-03012 caused a dose-dependent induction of cell death that was not altered by p53 mutation, expression of ERBB1 vIII, or loss of phosp...