OBJECTIVE(S) Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 is an oncornavirus that causes adult T cell leukemia (ATL) HTLV-I-associated myelopathy⁄tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Golestan province is located in North West of Khorasan province known as an endemic area for HTLV-I in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate seroprevalence of HTLV-I in Golestan province. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this ...

Chronic HTLV-I (human T cell lymphotropic virus type I) infection may cause adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), a disease with dismal long-term prognosis. The HTLV-I transactivator, Tax, initiates ATL in transgenic mice. In this study, we demonstrate that an As(2)O(3) and IFN-α combination, known to trigger Tax proteolysis, cures Tax-driven ATL in mice. Unexpectedly, this combination therapy ...

To investigate the in vivo cellular tropism of human T cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II), subpopulations of fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infected individuals were isolated and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of provirus. In eight of nine patients, HTLV-II was detected exclusively in the CD8 + T lymphocyte population. In the remaining patient, provirus...

Introduction The discovery in 1980 of the first human retrovirus (1), the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I), inaugurated a new era in human pathology. Two conditions were promptly associated with this retroviral infection (2): adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). Thus, this discovery solved a longlasting enigma in tropical medicine, the cause of...

We previously reported isolation of human T-cell leukemia virus II (HTLV-II) from a second patient (N.R.A.) with atypical hairy cell leukemia. Follow-up analysis of the characteristics of the patient's HTLV-II infection over a 2-year period has revealed that the patient had two coexistant lymphoproliferative disorders. Oligoclonally integrated HTLV-II was detected in DNA extracted from the pati...

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) was first described in 1977 as a distinct clinico‐ pathological entity with a suspected viral etiology. Subsequently, a RNA retrovirus, hu‐ man T-cell leukemia /lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was isolated as a carcinogenic pathogens [1]. HTLV-1 infects approximately 15 to 20 million people worldwide, with endemic areas in Japan, the Caribbean, and Africa...

The tropism of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) for the cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage was evaluated by the coculture of blood monocyte-derived macrophages, with irradiated cells of HTLV-1 producing cell lines MT2 or C91/PL. The susceptibility to HTLV-1 was assessed by the detection of viral DNA using the polymerase chain reaction method. HTLV-1 gene expression in the cells...

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and HTLV-2 are related deltaretroviruses but are distinct in their disease-inducing capacity. These viruses can infect a variety of cell types, but only T lymphocytes become transformed, which is defined in vitro as showing indefinite interleukin-2-independent growth. Studies have indicated that HTLV-1 has a preferential tropism for CD4+ T cells in vi...

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a replication-competent human retrovirus associated with two distinct types of disease only in a minority of infected individuals: the malignancy known as adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and a chronic inflammatory central nervous system disease HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Although the factors that cause these di...

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor/Tac antigen is abnormally expressed on cells of patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) caused by infection with human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Twenty-five patients with ATL were examined to determine whether their leukemic cells continued to show IL-2-dependent proliferation. In 21 patients, the in vitro proliferation of HTLV-I-infected nonleukemic ...