Abstract The plant cell wall is the first physical and defensive barrier against pathogens. usually undergoes dynamic remodeling as an immune response to prevent infection by In this review, we summarize advances on relationship between immunity in plants. particular, outline current progresses regarding regulation of components, including cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin lignin, disease resist...

A substantial proportion of the architecture of the plant cell wall remains unknown with a few cell wall models being proposed. Moreover, even less is known about the green algal cell wall. Techniques that allow direct visualization of the cell wall in as near to its native state are of importance in unravelling the spatial arrangement of cell wall structures and hence in the development of cel...

background : in recent years tissue engineering developed to replace or repair damaged tissues using cell and biomaterial. one of the most important fields of tissue engineering is simulation of in vivo micro environment of body tissues. this study aimed to develop culture chamber and cell biomaterial sheet engineering for the reconstruction of cartilage tissue. methods : stainless steel cultur...