In today’s digital era people are controlled by gadgets, Cellular Systems the backbone of these gadgets or cellular systems. Current technologies offering more facilities to their users and also have a few challenges. system, call dropping is one challenging problems, which faced mobile user in network due many reasons like availability free channels, low level system configuration, high traffi...

The performance of a cellular phone commercial helical antenna at 900 MHz band, both in free space and in the presence of a human head phantom was studied. Numerical simulation of the phone model for the latter case has been performed giving 3D radiation diagrams. The effect of the phantom head on radiation diagrams is presented. The relative amount of the EM power absorbed in the head was obta...

A technique to characterize the fields generated by a cell phone, and projected into an area inside a TEM cell for possible biological interaction studies is described. A double-ended monopole antenna is proposed as the lead signal inducer between the inside and the outside areas of the TEM cell. The coupling voltage at the TEM cell ports and the field distribution within the area under test (A...