Haemangioblastoma, a benign vascular tumor derived from the capillary of endothelial cells, is an inherited disorder due to an autosomal dominant trait. The prevalence rates accounted for 1% to 2.5% of all intracranial tumors and 2% to 3% of all intramedullary spinal cord tumors. We report the infrequent case of a robust allegation of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) associated haemangioblastoma in the ...

Thalamic pain syndrome, a type of central post-stroke pain (CPSP), may develops after a hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke and results in impairment of the thalamus. There is limited experience about gabapentin in treatment of central pains like CPSP.In a prospective observational study, the intensity of pain was recorded using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at the entrance to the study. Patients e...

Vascular compression as the cause of aqueductal stenosis is rare. In a 16-year-old girl with hydrocephalus, MR imaging provided evidence of aqueductal stenosis caused by a venous angioma in the tectum and midbrain. This indicates the usefulness of MR imaging for the evaluation of obstructive hydrocephalus.

A 40-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of focal motor seizures of the right lower leg, progressing to generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. His first seizure occurred about 1 week before admission. He had been having occasional bitemporal headaches over the preceding 2 years , but was otherwise healthy. Physical examination and laboratory studies were unremarkable. An electroencephalogra...

Introduction: Retinal arterio-venous malformations (AVMs) are rare, congenital, high-flow congenital developmental vascular anomalies without intervening capillary bed also known as racemose angioma, They unilateral, nonhereditary lesions located anywhere in retina and may involve optic nerve.
 Case report: A 55 year old male was found to have abnormal malformation over nerve head his left...

abstract we report a 54-year-old woman with the history of end-stage renal disease (esrd) who was admitted to our hospital because of volume overload. due to long-term use of peripheral veins and arteriovenous fistula (avf) failure, central venous catheterization was the only choice for hemodialysis. she developed right upper extremiti’s pain and paresis during hemodialysis. a posteroanterior c...

background: the current study was designed to compare the complications and adverse eff ects of central venous catheter (cvc) insertion under ultrasound guidance in patients with and without coagulopathy. materials and methods: in this clinical trial,59 patients who needed cvc for various reasons were enrolled. patients were divided into two groups of those with and without coagulopathy based o...

A case of a 30 year-old man presenting with severe systemic chickenpox with refractory hypoxemia, central nervous system vasculitis and anuric renal failure is described. Ambulance transportation and support using veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were necessary until the patient recovered. Ultimately, the potential use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in low-middle ...

Molecular genetic approaches in small model organisms like Drosophila have helped to elucidate fundamental principles of neuronal cell biology. Much less is understood about glial cells, although interest in using invertebrate preparations to define their in vivo functions has increased significantly in recent years. This review focuses on our current understanding of the three major neuron-ass...

This chapter provides an overview of the major stages of prenatal central nervous system (CNS) development. CNS development plays the central role in the primary argument of this book. That argument is that the prenatal CNS is particularly vulnerable to environmental perturbations because it is rapidly developing during that time period. Further, we argue that many of the learning and behaviora...