Purpose Biomarkers for several eye and brain diseases are reviewed, where retinal oximetry may help confirm diagnosis or measure severity of disease. These include diabetic retinopathy, central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, and Alzheimer's disease. Methods Retinal oximetry is based on spectrophotometric fundus imaging and measures oxygen saturation in retinal ...

Branch retinal vein occlusion induces complex biological processes in the retina that are generated by a multitude of interacting proteins. These proteins and their posttranslational modifications can effectively be studied using modern proteomic techniques. However, no method for studying large-scale protein changes following branch retinal vein occlusion has been available until now. Obtainme...

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a common retinal vascular disease that often results in macular oedema, which is the most frequent cause of visual impairment in these patients [1]. Therefore, it is important to understand the vascular and haemodynamic abnormalities that underlie the progression of macular oedema in CRVO. Remky et al. [2] found that the perifoveal blood flow velocity (B...

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) has been related to venous and arterial thrombosis of large and small vessels. Ocular vessels can also be involved causing transient visual loss, diplopia, ischemic optic neuropathy and central artery and venous occlusion. We describe here a case of antiphospholipid syndrome with occlusion of central retinal artery and vein to call the attention to this diagn...

purpose : churg-strauss syndrome (css) is a rare form of small vessel necrotizing vasculitis. retinal artery and vein occlusion are very rare findings in these patients and they are treated by high-dose corticosteroids and cytotoxics. we describe a rare case of css under high-dose corticosteroids and cytotoxic treatment, presenting central retinal artery occlusion (crao). case report : a 45-yea...

The discovery of anti-angiogenics or vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (anti-VEGF) agents is a clear breakthrough with exciting potential in medical management of retinal diseases.Ranibizumab is a humanized, affinitymatured VEGF antibody fragment that binds to and neutralizes all isoforms of VEGF, which has first received FDA approval for the treatment of macular edema due to both c...

BACKGROUND Earlier studies in Nigeria reported the rarity of retinal vascular changes in hypertensives. The aim of this study was to describe the various retinal vascular changes in the hypertensive patients of Nigeria. PATIENTS AND METHODS Nine hundred and three hypertensive patients were studied. This study was approved by the ethical and research committee of the University of Ibadan and U...

BACKGROUND Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is one of the common retinal disorders causing severe visual impairment. OBJECTIVE To study the clinical profile, risk factors and visual outcome in central retinal vein occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-four eyes of 74 patients with central retinal vein occlusion were retrospectively enrolled during the period of one year. All the pat...

Retinal vein occlusions (RVOs) are the second most common form of retinal vascular disease. The Beaver Dam Study estimated the 15 year cumulative incidence of RVOs at 2.3%. The predominant causes for vision loss from RVOs include macular edema and macular ischemia. Data from historic studies recommended focal macular laser only for branch vein occlusion patients with macular edema and >20/40 vi...

Seasonal variation in the development of retinal vein occlusion in 1003 consecutive patients with various types of retinal vein occlusion was studied prospectively from 1973 to 1990. No seasonal variation in the onset of any type or combination of types of retinal vein occlusion was found. This refutes previous reports of such seasonal variation, which were based on small retrospective series.