Background: About 80% of deaths in 350 million cases of diabetes in the world occur in low and middle income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the status of diabetes socioeconomic inequality and the share of determinants of inequalities in Kurdistan Province, West of Iran, using two surveys in 2005 and 2009.   Methods: Data were collected from non-communicable disease su...

We have constructed a set of fragmentation vectors for the truncation of either the centromeric or the noncentromeric end of YACs containing a human DNA insert. These vectors carry ADE2 or HIS5 as the selectable marker, enabling direct use in AB1380, the host strain of most publicly available YAC libraries. Centromeric fragmentation vectors for AB1380 have not been reported previously; the nonc...

BACKGROUND Smoking, depression, and anxiety increase the risk of death in patients with COPD, but the combined effect of these factors is unknown. We assessed the interactive effects of smoking, depression, and anxiety on mortality in patients with COPD. METHODS We collected and analyzed data from 7,787 subjects with COPD, in 14 rural communities, from May 2008 to May 2012, and used logistic ...

The heavy reliance on incarceration in the United States is unusual relative to U.S. history and relative to the use of incarceration in other nations. By now, the facts are common knowledge. We incarcerate our citizens at a rate that exceeds every other nation and that is multiple times (on the order of five to seven) the rates of other high-income countries. Moreover, since the mid-1970s, our...

In this article, we state the necessary background for cluster algebras and quiver representations to formulate and prove a result of Caldero and Chapoton which gives a nice formula connecting the two subjects. In our exposition, we mostly follow the paper [CC], but we have tried to minimize the reliance of citing outside sources as much as possible. In particular, we avoid having to introduce ...

Travis Horrom,1 Salim Balik,2 Arturo Lezama,3 Mark D. Havey,2 and Eugeniy E. Mikhailov1 1Department of Physics, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA 2Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA 3Instituto de Fı́sica, Universidad de la República, Casilla de correo 30, 11000, Montevideo, Uruguay (Received 20 February 2011; published 31...