Choi and Nisbett (2000) reported that Koreans showed stronger hindsight bias than Americans. The purpose of this study was to see whether hindsight bias is stronger among Easterners than among Westerners using a probability judgment task, and to test an ‘explicit-implicit’ hypothesis and a ‘rule-dialectics’ hypothesis. We predict that the implicit process is more active among Easterners to gene...

We present a stochastic model of suprathreshold perceptual differences based on difference measurement. We develop a maximum likelihood difference scaling (MLDS) method for estimating its parameters and evaluate the reliability and distributional robustness of the fitting method. We also describe a method for testing whether the difference measurement model is appropriate as a description of hu...

A common finding in judgment and decision making is that people's frequency judgments often fail to map onto objective frequencies. The present research examined the possibility that one source of bias in frequency judgment is attributable to people's inability to screen out irrelevant memory traces. We used a two-list source-monitoring paradigm to investigate whether frequency judgments are in...

Humans are an intensely social species and therefore it is essential for our interpersonal judgments to be valid enough to help us to avoid enemies, form useful alliances and find suitable mates; flawed judgments can literally be fatal. An evolutionary perspective implies that humans ought to have developed sufficient skills at solving problems of interpersonal judgment, including gauging the p...

Previous studies have indicated that visual-auditory temporal acuity is reduced in children with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) in comparison to neurotypicals. In the present study we investigated temporal acuity for all possible bimodal pairings of visual, tactile and auditory information in adults with ASC (n = 18) and a matched control group (n = 18). No group differences in temporal acuit...

Much prior research has shown that retrieval of information from long-term memory (LTM) can influence many aspects of complex cognition in situ. However, research also has shown that not all individuals manage information retrieved from LTM in equivalent fashions. Specifically, high working memory capacity (WMC) individuals have been shown to be better able to manage not only what information i...

We present a novel way of accounting for similarity judgments. Our approach posits that similarity stems from three main sources-familiarity, priming, and inherent perceptual likeness. Here, we explore each of these constructs and demonstrate their individual and combined effectiveness in explaining similarity judgments. Using these three measures, our account of similarity explains ratings of ...

Previous research suggested that perception of spatial location is biased towards spatial goals of planned hand movements. In the present study I show that an analogous perceptual distortion can be observed if attention is paid to a spatial location in the absence of planning a hand movement. Participants judged the position of a target during preparation of a mouse movement, the end point of w...

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging during word generation and spatial judgement (Landmark task), we investigated how hemispheric specializations for language and spatial processing interact in healthy individuals. We found individuals with atypical, right-hemispheric dominance for language to have more bilateral activation during spatial judgement than individuals with typical, disjunc...

During perceptual learning the visual representations in the brain are altered, but these changes' causal role has not yet been fully characterized. We used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to investigate the role of higher visual regions in lateral occipital cortex (LO) in perceptual learning with complex objects. We also investigated whether object learning is dependent on the r...