OBJECTIVE To determine whether various proteins in the cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) known to be involved in immune regulation, alone or in combination with clinical risk factors, can predict spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) in women with cervical insufficiency or a short cervix (≤25 mm). METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 62 asymptomatic women with cervical insufficiency (n = 2...

Rare congenital malformations of the tricuspid valve or its attachment producing tricuspid insufficiency have been reported by a number of authors (Hotz, 1923; Ariel, 1930; Abbott, 1936; Dubin and Hollinshead, 1944; Palladino and Kinney, 1948; Barritt and Urich, 1956; Kincaid et al., 1962; Reisman et al., 1965; Jordan and Taylor, 1966). The purpose of the present communication is to report a ca...

The treatment of deep venous valvular reflux for advanced chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) has been cyclical in nature. During the late 1 960s and early 1 970s there was enthusiasm for ablation of the superficial venous system — saphenous and its branches as well as perforating veins, as the sole management for venous ulcer with deep venous reflux.’ Both the ulcer recurrence rate and wound mo...

Background The color Doppler, a better investigation to identify the perforators objectively has replaced the clinical examination for the same. However, this has led to a significant number of negative explorations and cosmetic disfigurement. Objective To compare the efficacy of the clinical tests combined with the color Doppler versus color Doppler alone to identify the perforator incompetenc...