We report on more than 3 years of measurements of fluxes of methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) taken by eddy-covariance in central London, UK. Mean annual emissions of CO2 in the period 2012–2014 (39.1± 2.4 ktons km−2 yr−1) and CO (89± 16 tons km−2 yr−1) were consistent (within 1 and 5 % respectively) with values from the London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory, but mea...

The formation of the chemical products produced in an atmospheric glow discharge fed by a N2-CH4 gas mixture has been studied using Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) and Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES). The measurements were carried out in a flowing regime at ambient temperature and pressure with CH4 concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2%. In the recorded emission spectra the lines of the s...

Spectra of Uranus and Neptune were recorded in May 1997, between 2.5 and 4.2 μm, using the ISOPHOT-S instrument. The two planets were detected at 2.75 μm, with geometric albedos of 0.0015 and 0.0052 for Uranus and Neptune respectively. In the case of Uranus, the shape of the CH4 absorption is consistent with a reflection over the 3 bar-level cloud level, presumably due to H2S; in the case of Ne...

The number of dairy cows in Idaho has increased by approximately 80% in the last decade with concentrated dairy production facilities being the norm. The majority of these production facilities are located in southern Idaho, which has generated regional air quality concerns. To determine the potential air quality impacts of these facilities, we determined emissions of ammonia (NH3) and methane ...

[1] N2O, CH4 and CO2 soil-atmosphere exchange and controlling environmental factors were studied for a 3-month period (dry-wet season transition) at the Kakamega Rain forest, Kenya, Africa, using an automated measurement system. The mean N2O emission was 42.9 ± 0.7 mg N m 2 h 1 (range: 1.1–324.8 mg N m 2 h ). Considering the duration of dry and wet season the annual N2O emission was estimated a...

We performed intensive sampling campaigns of Hg fluxes over emergent macrophytes in the Florida Everglades to find a surrogate for Hg fluxes from water and vegetation to identify the mechanisms of emission. We measured daytime lacunal and sediment gas concentrations of Hg, which suggested that the lacunal space acts as temporary storage for Hg and CH4. The absence of detectable Hg fluxes measur...

Lakes contribute significantly to the global natural emissions of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide. However, to accurately incorporate them into the continental carbon balance more detailed surveys of lacustrine greenhouse gas emissions are needed, especially in respect to spatiotemporal variability and to how this affects the upscaling of results. We investigated CH4 flux from a small, wind-sh...

The objective of this study was to develop emission factors (EF) for methane (CH4) emissions from enteric fermentation in cattle native to Benin. Information on livestock characteristics and diet practices specific to the Benin cattle population were gathered from a variety of sources and used to estimate EF according to Tier 2 methodology of the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (...

[1] Three years (2009–2011) of near-continuous methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes were measured with the eddy covariance (EC) technique at a temperate peatland located within the Marcell Experimental Forest, in northern Minnesota, USA. The peatland was a net source of CH4 and a net sink of CO2 in each year with annual carbon budgets of 26.8 ( 18.7), 15.5 ( 14.8), and 14.6 ( 21.5) g C...

the diagnostic accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography (spect) is profoundly influenced by attenuation phenomenon. soft tissue attenuation degrades cardiac spect image quality, thereby decreasing the possibility of the detection of the lesions. a variety of correction techniques based on different assumptions have been used to reduce the impact of attenuation. several types of sy...