Anatomic In this paper a common (single) ventricle is defined as a ventricular chamber that receives the input of blood from both atrioventricular valves either separately or as a common atrioventricular valve" 2 (fig. 1). This common ventricular chamber may or may not communicate with a secondary, smaller outflow chamber. The two great vessels (aorta and pulmonary artery) may arise from the co...

PURPOSE Vitrectomy, when followed by cataract surgery, increases the risk of open-angle glaucoma. This study was conducted in patients to determine whether these procedures are associated with increased exposure of the trabecular meshwork to oxygen. METHODS Oxygen distribution was recorded with a fiberoptic probe in patients undergoing surgery for cataract, glaucoma, or retinal disease. pO(2)...

The time courses of changes in the effects of topical pilocarpine and tropicamide on the index of the blood-aqueous barrier permeability to plasma protein (Pin) were determined in normal volunteers. Before and after drug instillation in one eye, protein concentration in the anterior chamber (Ca) was determined from aqueous flare intensity with a laser flare-cell meter and from aqueous flow by f...

Introduction Left atrial volume (LaV) is an important predictor of outcome for many cardiovascular conditions. The most commonly used method to estimate LaV is the area-length (AL) biplane formula based upon LA measures from 2 and 4 chamber (CH) views. Given the asymetrical shape of the LA, we hypothesized that a formula incorporating measures from all 3 conventional long-axis views is a more a...

PURPOSE To develop three-surface paraxial schematic eyes with different ages and sexes based on data for 7- and 14-year-old Chinese children from the Anyang Childhood Eye Study. METHODS Six sets of paraxial schematic eyes, including 7-year-old eyes, 7-year-old male eyes, 7-year-old female eyes, 14-year-old eyes, 14-year-old male eyes, and 14-year-old female eyes, were developed. Both refracti...

Retained intraocular graphite foreign bodies are uncommon. Although they are generally inert, they have been reported to cause severe inflammatory reaction and progressive damage to intraocular structures. We report a case of a six-year-old girl with a retained intraocular graphite pencil lead foreign body in the anterior chamber of the eye and discuss the various considerations in the manageme...

PURPOSE To compare ocular component growth curves among four refractive error groups in children. methods Cycloplegic refractive error was categorized into four groups: persistent emmetropia between -0.25 and +1.00 D (exclusive) in both the vertical and horizontal meridians on all study visits (n = 194); myopia of at least -0.75 D in both meridians on at least one visit (n = 247); persistent hy...