The single-channel inside-out patch clamp technique was used to characterize chloride channels in the apical membranes of human airway epithelial cells maintained in primary culture. Patches were obtained from single isolated cells or from cells at the edges of confluent groups. The channel seen most often, in 24% of all patches, had a conductance of approximately 20 pS and had a linear current...

The stable trapping and direct delivery of bacteria are very important in studying their nanoscopic biochemical processes. Here, we report the stable optical trapping and direct delivery of Escherichia coli in a microfluidic channel. By placing an optical nanofiber (NF, diameter: 600 nm) in the channel and directing a laser beam with a wavelength of 980 nm and an optical power over 25 mW into t...

We numerically investigated margination of leukocytes at arteriole shear rate in straight circular channels with diameters ranging from 10 to 22 μm. Our results demonstrated that passing motion of RBCs effectively induces leukocyte margination not only in small channels but also in large channels. A longer time is needed for margination to occur in a larger channel, but once a leukocyte has mar...

As the scaling of Si MOSFET approaches towards its limiting value, new alternatives are coming up to overcome these limitations. In this paper first we have reviewed carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) and types of CNTFET. We have then studied the effect of channel length and chirality on the drain current for planer CNTFET. The Id~Vd curves for planer CNTFETs having different chan...

This paper demonstrates a method for tuning elastomeric microchannels for hydrophoretic separation made in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). Uniform compressive strain is imposed on the elastomeric microchannel between two acrylic substrates by fastening the bolts. The elastomeric microchannel can change its cross-section during compression, simultaneously tuning the criterion for hydrophoretic or...

A sphingomyelin metabolite, ceramide, serves as a second messenger in a variety of mammalian cells. Little is known regarding the production and actions of this novel intracellular signaling lipid molecule in the vasculature. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that a ceramide-mediated signaling pathway is present in coronary arterial smooth muscle and that ceramide serves as ...

Matsuda, Naruto, Kathleen G. Morgan, and Frank W. Sellke. Effects of pinacidil on coronary Ca-myosin phosphorylation in cold potassium cardioplegia model. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 279: H882–H888, 2000.—The effects of the potassium (K) channel opener pinacidil (Pin) on the coronary smooth muscle Ca-myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation pathway under hypothermic K cardioplegia were dete...

The catalytic combustion of methane/air mixtures is investigated experimentally and numerically at gas turbine relevant conditions (inlet temperatures up to 873 K, pressures up to 15 bar and spatial velocities up to 3 × 106 h−1). Experiments are performed in a sub-scale test rig, consisting of a metallic honeycomb structure with alternately coated (Pd-based catalyst) channels. Simulations are c...

The effects of the potassium (K(+)) channel opener pinacidil (Pin) on the coronary smooth muscle Ca(2+)-myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation pathway under hypothermic K(+) cardioplegia were determined by use of an in vitro microvessel model. Rat coronary arterioles (100-260 microm in diameter) were subjected to 60 min of simulated hypothermic (20 degrees C) K(+) cardioplegic solutions (K(+)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Lower-pole ureteronephroscopy requires transmission of holmium:YAG energy along a deflected fiber. Current ureteroscopes are capable of high degrees of deflection, which may stress laser fibers beyond safe limits during lower-pole use. We hypothesized that optical fiber and safety measures differ among manufacturers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Small (200-273-microm) and medi...