BACKGROUND Fear of infection limits the willingness of laymen to do cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study assessed the time course of change in arterial blood gases during resuscitation with only chest compression (no ventilation) in an effort to identify the time for which ventilation could be deferred. METHODS AND RESULTS Aortic pressures and arterial blood gases were monitored in...

Video compression has been the object of intensive research in the last thirty years. Video compression technique is now mature as is proven by the large number of applications that make use of this technology. This paper gives the idea about different techniques available for video compression. H.264/AVC exhibits superior coding performance improvement over its predecessors. The next generatio...

Introduction Conventional Chest Physical Therapy Directed Cough and Forced Expirations Postural Drainage Chest Percussion Other Airway Clearance Techniques High-Frequency Chest Wall Compression Positive Expiratory Pressure Therapy Autogenic Drainage Exercise Vibratory PEP Therapy Identifying Patients Who Will Benefit From CPT Selecting and Applying CPT Components Promoting Patient Adherence to ...

INTRODUCTION In Japan, expiratory rib cage compression (a chest physiotherapy technique) is frequently used with mechanically ventilated patients. It has not been determined whether rib cage compression combined with endotracheal suctioning improves oxygenation, ventilation, and mucus clearance. We evaluated the effects of rib cage compression with and without endotracheal suctioning on P(aO(2)...

A 77-year-old woman was found on the street, next to her bike. She appeared to be unconscious, suffering from head injury and had no detectable pulse. Chest compressions were initiated by bystanders until the ambulance arrived. Pulse-less electrical activity (PEA) was observed and a mechanical chest compression device (LUCAS: Lund University Cardiopulmonary Assist System, Jolife, Sweden, Fig. 1...

BACKGROUND It remains unclear which is more effective to increase survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in those with public-access defibrillation, bystander-initiated chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or conventional CPR with rescue breathing. METHODS AND RESULTS A nationwide, prospective, population-based observational study covering the whole population of ...

BACKGROUND Chest compressions are a core element of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. Despite periodic training, real-life chest compressions have been reported to be overly shallow and/or fast, very likely affecting patient outcomes. We investigated the effect of a brief Crew Resource Management (CRM) training program on the correction rate of improperly executed chest compressions in a simulate...

The primary goal of this study is to advance our current understanding of infant rib injuries in the setting of child abuse. To this end, we employed finite element model simulations to determine the sensitivity of an infant rib's stress response to varying material properties and under varying degrees of anterior-posterior chest compression. Using high-resolution chest CT images obtained from ...

BACKGROUND Updated life-support guidelines were published by the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) in 2010, increasing the required depth and rate of chest compression delivery. This study sought to determine the impact of these guidelines on rescuer fatigue and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance. METHODS 62 Health science students performed 5 min of conventional CPR in accord...