Ultraviolet light-inactivated frog virus 3 is efficiently photoreactivated by chick embryo cells. A cellular enzyme is presumably responsible for this repair of viral deoxyribonucleic acid, for the phenomenon is insensitive to an inhibitor of protein synthesis and is not seen in mammalian cells that are known to lack photoreactivating enzyme. Since frog virus 3 is a cytoplasmic virus, functiona...

An enzyme was found in the muscle layers of Ascaris lumbricoides which was similar to the protocollagen proline hydroxylase found in chick embryos and other vertebrates in that it synthesized 14C-hydroxyprolme when incubated with 14C-proline-labeled protocollagen from chick cartilage. The Ascaris enzyme was also similar in that it required atmospheric oxygen, a-ketoglutarate, iron, and ascorbat...

Serum and peripheral blood lymphocytes from 10 patients with Crohn's disease and 10 healthy subjects were examined for immunological reactivity against chick embryo cell cultures displaying cytopathic effects after inoculation with 0.2 micro filtrates prepared from Crohn's disease intestinal tissues. Although the assay systems (indirect immunofluorescence, lymphocyte transformation, and cytotox...

The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) inoculated chick embryo model was used to study the effect of host lineage on the virulence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. LD50 values were used to compare the susceptibilities of chick embryos from eight inbred chicken lines to infection by four strains of C. jejuni and one strain of C. coli. Differences in susceptibility were found between i...

Chick embryo extract (CEE) contains a variety of growth factors which may improve in vitro follicle growth. Therefore, the effect of CEE on mouse pre-antral follicle culture was evaluated. Different percentages of CEE (0, 0.50%, 1.00%, 5.00% and 10.00%) were added to culture medium. Hence, the osmolarity of media was measured. Pre-antral follicles with diameter of 120-150 μm were isola...

An exonuclease which degrades native deoxyribonucleic acid at pH 9.2 was induced in chick embryo fibroblast cultures and in human amnion cells by infection with cowpox virus. Highly purified chick embryo interferon suppressed the induction of the enzyme in the homologous cell system but not in the human amnion cell cultures. "Mock" interferon prepared from uninfected chicken eggs and purified i...

Chick embryo tendon fibroblasts were cultured with [3H]amino acids for 4, 8, and 24 h. Procollagen V was found in the cell layer. The chain composition predominantly corresponded to [(proal V), prorv2 VI, and a small proportion existed as the disulfide-linked heterotrimer and dimer. It was progressively converted to p-collagen V and collagen V which were found both in the cell layer and in the ...

The use of antisense morpholino oligos to inhibit the translation of a target transcript has been applied recently to studies of the chicken embryo. In contrast to other developmental systems such as in frog, sea urchin, and zebrafish that permit the direct microinjection of morpholinos into a blastomere, square pulse electroporation is used to introduce fluorescently tagged morpholinos into sp...

We have previously demonstrated the increased metastatic potential of human prostate cancer circulating tumor cells (CTC), compared to their parental cells, in both orthotopic mouse models and the chick embryo model. In the current study, we asked whether an extracellular matrix (ECM), produced by human foreskin fibroblasts in culture, could inhibit PC-3 human prostate cancer CTC metastasis in ...

Animal models play a crucial role in basic and translational oncology research. Conventional rodent experiments, however, face ethical, practical and technical issues that limit their use. The chick embryo represents an accessible and economical in vivo model, which has long been used in developmental biology and for the study of angiogenesis. It is also a recognised xenograft model, and becaus...