OBJECTIVES We evaluated an education, distribution, and fitting program for increasing age-appropriate and correct child restraint use. METHODS We performed a cluster randomized trial involving 28 early childhood education centers in low socioeconomic status areas in Sydney, Australia. The main outcome was optimal restraint use defined as age-appropriate restraints, installed into the vehicle...

objective(s): epilepsy is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is strongly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. gestational stress has been shown to be an important factor for affecting seizure susceptibility. the present study was conducted to address whether gestational stress may affect pentylentetrazol (ptz)-induced epileptic behavior in rat offspring in a sex- and age- dependent...

The safety of children in motor vehicle crashes is a major concern. Although Child Restraint Systems (CRS) are required by law for their protection, children are still exposed to the risk of injuries ranging from minor to fatal. The effect of restraint use is studied under different risk scenarios consisting of some possible contributors to injury risk: the restraint use, impact type, injury se...

A series of sled tests was performed to analyze the responses of an anthropomorphic test device (ATD), particularly neck forces, when rear-facing child restraint systems (CRS) are tethered. Nominally identical rear-facing CRS were tested in four tether conditions: untethered, tethered down to the floor, tethered down to the bottom of the vehicle seat, and tethered rearward to a point above the ...

UNLABELLED Theme: Child protection and managing risk. BACKGROUND Correct use of a restraint system for children (CRS) from birth is an effective form of protection. OBJECTIVES To characterize parent's knowledge and attitudes in using CRS. METHODS Cross-sectional study, held in a non-probabilistic sample of 112 parents of newborns, mothers mean age 30.37 years old (SD = 5.63). Parents comp...

Análise estática do posicionamento do sistema de cinco pontos em dispositivos de retenção infantil Abstract The present study examines several important contributors to appropriate child restraint systems (CRS), including harness routing (chest and lap straps) and the location of important protective components. Three forward-facing CRS equipped with five-point harnesses were evaluated in a lab...

Previous research suggests that parental controlling feeding practices are associated with children's overeating and undereating behaviours. However, there is limited research addressing the link between children's mental health symptoms (specifically anxiety and depression) and their reports of eating behaviours, despite knowledge that these psychopathologies often co-exist. The current study ...

A survey of directors of advanced educational programs in pediatric dentistry, identical to one conducted in 1979, was undertaken to examine the utilization of and indications for various physical restraint techniques. Updated results indicated that there is still a high acceptance of the hand-over-mouth (HOM) technique. Only 11.1% of programs never use the technique. However, the acceptance of...

What does libertarian theory, Murray Rothbard's theory in particular, tell us about the rights of children? The two foundational principles of Rothbardian libertarianism are the sanctity of private property and the rule of non-aggression. Persons, including children, are "self-owners". Yet children, at a young age, are not yet capable of functioning fully as "self-owners." They must be cared fo...

Incorrect restraint use is widespread among child passengers and increases the risk of injury in a crash. Based on previous laboratory testing, individual modes of incorrect use are often rated as serious or minor. However, in a recent populationbased observational study in NSW Australia, almost one third of incorrect use was found to involve multiple minor errors. In this test series we hypoth...