Published in Agron. J. 103:1815–1826 (2011) Posted online 28 Sept 2011 doi:10.2134/agronj2011.0199 Copyright © 2011 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and ret...

Proper biogenesis of the chloroplast is essential for all photosynthetic plant cells. As germinating seedlings are exposed to light, etioplasts in young mesophyll cells become chloroplasts in the developing seedling. The chloroplast thylakoids develop from a paracrystalline tubular structure that is transformed when illuminated into a series of flattened membranes that become the grana thylakoi...

We compute asymptotic series for Hofstadter’s figure-figure sequences.

according to the global water shortage problem, the exploring for reducing its harmful effects is very important. this experiment was conducted as split plots method based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in urmia university research field during growing season of 2013-14. water deficit stress as main plot consisted of three levels (irrigation when soil moisture reached...

The interconversion of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, referred to as the chlorophyll cycle, plays a crucial role in the processes of greening, acclimation to light intensity, and senescence. The chlorophyll cycle consists of three reactions: the conversions of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b by chlorophyllide a oxygenase, chlorophyll b to 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a by chlorophyll b reductas...

introduction one of the important events that usually occur in seas and large water bodies’ concurrent with the change of season is the growth and species increase of phytoplankton. in the natural environment, this event does not result in imbalances of water ecosystems. however, pollution caused by human activities results in excessive growth and reproduction of phytoplankton and other opportu...

Future earth science, space science, exploration, and reconnaissance space missions will require increasingly large and lightweight apertures. Although they have low areal mass density, the deployed aperture structures must capture and hold a surface figure to a fraction of a wavelength in the presence of thermal, slew, and vibration disturbances. Active control of surface figure is a key techn...

Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major yield limiting factor across the globe their proper management plays vital role in optimizing crop yield. This field experiment was conducted to assess impact of soil plant nitrogen N P ratio on growth wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) alkaline calcareous soil. The study consisted various levels (0, 40, 80, 160 kg ha−1 as urea) phosphorus 30, 60,...