conclusions it appears that anti-hav antibody seroprevalence has declined among children below 15 years with and without chronic liver disease, and it is likely that more children would be susceptible to hav infection. therefore, it is important to employ preventative strategies against hav in chronic liver diseases. results seroprevalence of hav was 17.8% and 10% in the first and second study,...

The intergenic region (IGR) located upstream of the capsid protein gene in dicistroviruses contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Translation initiation mediated by the IRES does not require initiator methionine tRNA. Comparison of the IGRs among dicistroviruses suggested that Taura syndrome virus (TSV) and acute bee paralysis virus have an extra side stem loop in the predicted IRES. ...

Deformed wing virus (DWV) is a honeybee pathogen whose presence is generally associated with infestation of the colony by the mite Varroa destructor, leading to the onset of infections responsible for the collapse of the bee colony. DWV contaminates bee products such as royal jelly, bee-bread and honey stored within the infected hive. Outside the hive, DWV has been found in pollen loads collect...

23 Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are recognized respiratory pathogens and some 24 strains, including HCOV-OC43, can infect human neuronal and glial cells of the central 25 nervous system (CNS), and activate neuroinflammatory mechanisms. Moreover, 26 HCoV-OC43 is neuroinvasive, neurotropic and neurovirulent in susceptible mice, where it 27 induces a chronic encephalitis. Herein, we show that a sing...

Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are recognized respiratory pathogens, and some strains, including HCoV-OC43, can infect human neuronal and glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and activate neuroinflammatory mechanisms. Moreover, HCoV-OC43 is neuroinvasive, neurotropic, and neurovirulent in susceptible mice, where it induces chronic encephalitis. Herein, we show that a single point mutatio...

We present an unusual complication of dengue infection resulting in postviral phrenic neuropathy and diaphragmatic paralysis in a 34-year-old man. There is a paucity of literature on this condition, with postviral neuropathies previously reported to be associated commonly with herpes zoster, poliovirus, and rarely, West Nile virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections. To our knowledge, t...

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is a natural mouse pathogen which causes a lifelong persistent infection of the central nervous system (CNS) accompanied by T-cell-mediated myelin destruction leading to chronic, progressive hind limb paralysis. TMEV-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) is considered to be a highly relevant animal model for the human autoimmune disease multipl...

With the Aycock strain of the virus and the intracerebral route of inoculation, Jungeblut (1, 2) found that 77 of 243 (31.3 per cent) vitamin C-treated monkeys escaped paralysis, as compared with only seven of 136 (5.2 per cent) untreated animals. When synthetic vitamin C was used, no significant effect was obtained since only eleven of 101, or 10.2 per cent, failed to develop paralysis. With t...