Seven drugs have been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Antiviral treatment has been shown to be effective in suppressing hepatitis B virus replication, decreasing inflammation and fibrosis in the liver, and preventing progression of liver disease. However, current medications do not eradicate hepatitis B virus; therefore, a key question is which patients need to start treatmen...

results hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was found in 122/3000 (4.1%) prisoners. hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag), anti-hiv, anti-hcv and anti-hiv/anti-hcv were detected in 52/122 (42.6%), 12/122 (10%), 22/122 (18%) and 3/122 (2.4%) prisoners, respectively. the hbv-dna was found in 115/122 (94.3%) prisoners. the most high risk behavior was to utilize the collaborative syringe by injecting drug ...

Infection with hepatitis B virus can lead to serious long-term complications including chronic hepatitis B virus infection leading to hepatocellular carcinoma, liver failure, and death. We report a case of prolonged hepatitis B antigenemia after routine vaccination with Engerix B. A positive hepatitis B surface antigen was found when the individual donated blood 18 days after vaccination. This ...

In 2008, the Netherlands Association of Gastroenterologists and Hepatologists (Nederlands Vereniging van Maag-Darm-Leverartsen) published the Dutch national guidelines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. New insights into the treatment of chronic hepatitis B with relevance for clinical practice have been adopted in these concise, revised guidelines. The most important chan...

â  hepadnaviruses employ an unusual strategy for the production of enormous number of virions during replication which makes rapid and substantial genetic sequence changes and alterations. the pathogenesis and clearance of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection are engaged by the selection and expression of viral mutants durâ­ing virus-host interactions. mutations in regulatory regions such as the b...

The activities of the interferon-induced enzyme 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined in patients with viral hepatitis. Increased levels of the enzyme were found in patients with acute type B hepatitis at the early phase and also in those with chronic type B hepatitis at the active stage. The levels of this enzyme activity were not significantly i...

To define the relationship between pre-core hepatitis B virus mutants and the long-term outcome of chronic hepatitis B virus infection, we monitored the type of circulating pre-core hepatitis B virus-DNA by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing in 41 selected chronic HBsAg carriers with extensive follow up. They included 12 HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis, who seroconverted to...

background: because dental staff members are in continuous contact with blood and contaminated fluids of patients, they are considered as a high risk group. their knowledge about standard precautions is thus important in preventing infectious diseases such as hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the purpose of this study was to estimate the injuries that occur in dental staff and t...

background and aims: recently, a novel dna virus was isolated from the serum of a patient with post-transfusion non a-g hepatitis and named tt virus. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence tt virus among cirrhotic patients due to hepatitis b & c in infection ahwaz. methods: the prevalence of ttv infection was studied in 41 patients with liver cirrhosis. ttv dna was detected by se...

CONTEXT Several risk factors play the role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from which chronic hepatitis B and C infections are the most important ones. DNA integration of hepatitis viruses alters the function of critical genes promoting malignant transformation of virus-infected liver cells. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION There are remarkable geographic differences in prevalence of...