In the last two decades, different research has demonstrated the high prevalence of childhood trauma, including sexual abuse, among depressive women. These findings are associated with a complex, severe, and chronic psychopathology. This can be explained considering the neurobiological changes secondary to early trauma that can provoke a neuroendocrine failure to compensate in response to chall...

BACKGROUND Research on gene × environment interaction in major depressive disorder (MDD) has thus far primarily focused on candidate genes, although genetic effects are known to be polygenic. AIMS To test whether the effect of polygenic risk scores on MDD is moderated by childhood trauma. METHOD The study sample consisted of 1645 participants with a DSM-IV diagnosis of MDD and 340 screened ...

Expressive inhibition--the willful restriction of expressed emotion--is documented in individuals reporting trauma-related distress, but its impact on global affective functioning remains unclear. Theoretical models propose that chronic activation of negative emotion and deliberate restriction of affect operate synergistically to produce trauma-related emotional deficits. The current project ex...

Pain is the most reported and troublesome symptom of nearly all functional disorders affecting the genitourinary and gastrointestinal organs. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS), vulvodynia, and/or chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS; collectively termed chronic pelvic pain syndromes) report pain severe enou...

OBJECTIVE Although subdural hematoma (SDH) is commonly treatable by burr hole surgery in the late subacute or chronic stage, there is no clear consensus regarding appropriate management and exact predictive factors for postoperative recurrence also remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors associated with recurrence of SDH that requires burr hole surgery in the late sub...

Objective: Redefinition and classification of vitreous base avulsion (VBA) adapt to the clinical need for diagnosis and treatment of it. Design: A retrospective consecutive case observation. Participants: Ninety-eight consecutive patients (98 eyes) with VBA included 23 patients with closed-globe injury, 46 with open-globe injury, 17 with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 6 with proliferative d...

Pneumomediastinum, defined as the presence of air in mediastinum often occurs due to trauma, mechanical ventilation or surgical procedure. It may also occur spontaneously predisposing lung diseases such asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary airway disease (COPD). In this report, we present a case patient with COVID-19 pneumonia without any underlying conditions usual risk factors for pneumom...

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a common, acquired tumor-like growth occurring on skin/mucous membranes. It is prevalent in the pediatric age group. It is benign in nature and is caused by chronic low grade trauma. It presents as pink to red elevated pedunculated or sessile mass. There are various treatment modalities including surgery, cryotherapy, laser, electrocautery, etc. However, the therapeut...

Chronic pain is a prevalent and debilitating condition, conveying immense human burden. Suffering from chronic pain is not only caused by painful symptomatology, but also through a wide range of psychopathological and physical consequences, including depression and anxiety disorders, impaired sleep and cognition, cardiovascular morbidity and impaired sexual function, all contributing to diminis...