We propose a linguistically driven approach to represent discourse relations in Chinese text as sequences. We observe that certain surface characteristics of Chinese texts, such as the order of clauses, are overt markers of discourse structures, yet existing annotation proposals adapted from formalism constructed for English do not fully incorporate these characteristics. We present an annotate...

Parallel programming generally requires awareness of the granularity and communication requirements of parallel subtasks, since without precaution, the overhead for parameter and result communication may outweigh the gain of parallel processing. While this problem is often solved explicitly at the language level, it can also be alleviated by optimising message passing mechanisms in the runtime ...

Previous studies have documented the promising results from student-constructed representations, including stop-motion animation (SMA), in supporting mechanistic reasoning (MR), which is considered an essential thinking skill science education. Our current study presents theoretically and empirically how SMA contributes to promoting MR. As a theoretical perspective, we propose framework hypothe...

We apply Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to identify English base phrases (chunks). SVMs are known to achieve high generalization performance even with input data of high dimensional feature spaces. Furthermore, by the Kernel principle, SVMs can carry out training with smaller computational overhead independent of their dimensionality. We apply weighted voting of 8 SVMsbased systems trained with...

Two standard schemes for learning in classifier systems have been proposed in the literature: the bucket brigade algorithm (BBA) and the profit sharing plan (PSP). The BBA is a local learning scheme which requires less memory and lower peak computation than the PSP, whereas the PSP is a global learning scheme which typically achieves a clearly better performance than the BBA. This “requirement ...

NLP definitions of Terminology are usually application-dependent. IR terms are noun sequences that characterize topics. Terms can also be arguments for relations like abbreviation, definition or IS-A. In contrast, this paper explores techniques for extracting terms fitting a broader definition: noun sequences specific to topics and not well-known to naive adults. We describe a chunkingbased app...

Short-term verbal memory is improved when words can be chunked into larger units. Miller (1956) suggested that the capacity of short-term determined by number chunks stored in memory, rather than items or amount information. But how does improvement due to chunking come about, and really chunks? One possibility a form data compression. It allows more information available capacity. An alternati...