The distinction between voluntarism and intellectualism has recently been criticized for inaccurately characterising early modern theories of divine freedom. In response, defenders the have argued that these labels are needed in order to account famous correspondence Leibniz (intellectualist) Clarke (voluntarist). this paper, I argue voluntarism/intellectualism is unable opposition Clarke. firs...

We discuss a general framework for generalized conjugate gradient methods, that is, iterative methods (for solving linear systems) that are based on generating residuals that are formally orthogonal to each other with respect to some true or formal inner product. This includes methods that generate residuals that are minimal with respect to some norm based on an inner product. A similar, even m...

We consider a financial market with one bond and one stock. The dynamics of the stock price process allow jumps which occur according to a Markov-modulated Poisson process. We assume that there is an investor who is only able to observe the stock price process and not the driving Markov chain. The investor’s aim is to maximize the expected utility of terminal wealth. Using a classical result fr...

Using a geometric argument, we show that under a reasonable continuity condition, the Clarke subdifferential of a semi-algebraic (or more generally stratifiable) directionally Lipschitzian function admits a simple form: the normal cone to the domain and limits of gradients generate the entire Clarke subdifferential. The characterization formula we obtain unifies various apparently disparate res...

land use change is driven by interaction in space and time between humans and the environment that can be captured by computer simulation models (veldkamp and verburg, 2004). in the last few decades, land use change models have played an important role in understanding the causes, mechanisms and consequences of land use dynamics. sleuth is an open source cellular automata based land use change ...