Let Γ2 ⊆ Γ1 be finitely generated subgroups of GLn0 (Z[1/q0]). For i = 1 or 2, let Gi be the Zariski-closure of Γi in (GLn0 )Q, Gi be the Zariski-connected component of Gi, and let Gi be the closure of Γi in ∏ p-q0 GLn0 (Zp). In this article we prove that, if G1 is the smallest closed normal subgroup of G1 which contains G2 and Γ2 y G2 has spectral gap, then Γ1 y G1 has spectral gap.

We present a method of Zariski-van Kampen type for the calculation of the transcendental lattice of a complex projective surface. As an application, we calculate the transcendental lattices of complex singular K3 surfaces associated with an arithmetic Zariski pair of maximizing sextics of type A10 + A9 that are defined over Q( √ 5) and are conjugate to each other by the action of Gal(Q( √

This paper deals with reconfigurable back-to-back converter topology and control orders in Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). A typical WECS with Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) in balanced conditions is concerned. Based on the classical topology, a fault tolerant converter without any redundancy has been studied. The presented fault tolerant topology allows a “five-leg” structure wit...

This paper dualizes the setting of affine spaces as originally introduced by Diers for application to algebraic geometry and expanded upon by various authors, to show that the fundamental groups of pointed topological spaces appear as the structures of dually affine spaces. The dual of the Zariski closure operator is introduced, and the 1-sphere and its copowers together with their fundamental ...

We continue to study Zariski pairs in sextics. In this paper, we study Zariski pairs of sextics which are not irreducible. The idea of the construction of Zariski partner sextic for reducible cases is quit different from the irreducible case. It is crucial to take the geometry of the components and their mutual intersection data into account. When there is a line component, flex geometry (i.e.,...

In magnetism, skyrmions correspond to classical three-dimensional spin textures characterized by a topological invariant that keeps track of the winding magnetization in real space, property cannot be easily generalized quantum case since orientation is general ill-defined. Moreover, as we show, skyrmion state directly observed modern experiments probe local system. However, show this novel can...