regionalism is an analytical and critical perspective which focuses on preserving special features of place and attempts to fill the vacuum in architecture. globalization is a complex multi-stage process that causes increasing complexity of time and place, greater awareness across the global and acceleration of cross cultural interactions. therefore, the present paper attempts to analyze global...

Natural plant populations are often adapted to their local climate and environmental conditions, and populations of forest trees offer some of the best examples of this pattern. However, little empirical work has focused on the relative contribution of single-locus versus multilocus effects to the genetic architecture of local adaptation in plants/forest trees. Here, we employ eastern white pin...

The Climate Policy Program at Resources for the Future (RFF) provides a framework for policymakers and stakeholders to better understand and address one of the most complex environmental issues of our time: climate change. The program has two core objectives: to develop domestic policies that are politically and economically viable and to articulate a new architecture for a global climate polic...

in addition to attention to natural light as a renewable, costless and environment-friendly source of energy in the late 20th century, numerous studies have been conducted into the effect of natural light on human being’s soul and body and all such studies reiterate the undeniable role of natural lighting on people’s behavior, attitudes, and efficiency. however, in spite of the awareness of the...

The policy problem posed by climate change is daunting. Absent evidence that climate change is not a risk to human and natural systems, the world faces an unending series of difficult international negotiations about measures to limit greenhouse gas emissions. To be successful, the resulting climate regime must be able to survive over many decades, adapting to changing economic conditions, to e...

From a long time age, human beings have chosen their place of residence and comfort so that those places would have relatively ideal natural and climatic conditions. For this reason, from the beginning, the civilizations have been formed in the susceptible natural regions such as Mesopotamia in Iran and Nile coasts in Egypt. Also, the core of human density has been made in the form of an oasis ...

This article describes three essential elements of an effective post-2012 international cli-mate policy architecture: a framework to ensure that key industrialized and developingnations are involved in differentiated but meaningful ways, an emphasis on an extended timepath for emissions targets, and the inclusion of flexible market-based policy instruments tokeep costs down and ...