--Previously published data pooled over entire winters showed clinal variation in the winter sex ratio of Junco h. hyemalis. Females were less numerous than males in the north and progressively more numerous southward. In this study, regression coefficients calculated from the published data, with latitude and certain climatic measures as independent variables, accurately predicted the winter s...

Sakesphorus luctuosus (Glossy Antshrike) is endemic to Brazil, harboring two subspecies. The nominal subspecies is widespread in the Amazon region, and S. l. araguayae is endemic to the Rio Araguaia valley. In this paper we investigated the hypothesis that S. l. araguayae represents the end of a cline. We examined 588 specimens housed in Brazilian, North American and European museums and based ...

Several evolutionary hypotheses help explain why only some species adapt readily to new conditions and expand distributions beyond borders, but there is limited evidence testing these hypotheses. In this study, we consider patterns of neutral (microsatellite) and quantitative genetic variation in traits in three species of Drosophila from the montium species group in eastern Australia. We found...

There is increasing evidence regarding the role of chromosomal inversions in relevant biological processes such as local adaptation and speciation. A classic example of the adaptive role of chromosomal polymorphisms is given by the clines of inversion frequencies in Drosophila subobscura, repeatable across continents. Nevertheless, not much is known about the molecular variation associated with...

In the present study, the frequency distributions of 20 discrete cranial traits in 70 major human populations from around the world were analyzed. The principal-coordinate and neighbor-joining analyses of Smith's mean measure of divergence (MMD), based on trait frequencies, indicate that 1). the clustering pattern is similar to those based on classic genetic markers, DNA polymorphisms, and cran...

Geographic variation in body size and sexual dimorphism of the short-nosed fruit bat (Cynopterus sphinx ) was investigated in peninsular India. Bats were sampled at 12 localities along a 1,200 km latitudinal transect that paralleled the eastern flanks of the Western Ghats. The geographic pattern of variation in external morphology of C. sphinx conforms to the predictions of Bergmann’s Rule, as ...

Abstract The accurate determination of the spatial trends on variability a species’ gene pool is essential to elucidate underlying demographic-evolutionary events, thus helping unravel microevolutionary history population under study. Herein we present new software called GenoCline, mainly addressed detect genetic clines from allele, haplotype, and genome-wide data. This program package allows ...

In vascular plant systematics there are sometimes conflicts between phenotypic and ecotypic variation genetic differentiation that challenge species concepts, introduce taxonomic confusion, create nomenclatural uncertainty. Until a 2014 revision segregated Kunzea ericoides into 10 species, it K. sinclairii were the only recognised in New Zealand. A recent DNA microsatellite study failed to supp...