Consumers’ awareness of environmental protection is gradually strengthened, and they often consider characteristics products during purchasing products. Based on the characteristic consumers’ dual preferences for product quality friendliness, this paper constructs a novel closed-loop supply chain with network externalities new remanufactured under different waste recycling channel strategies. I...

Long-term operation of a forward osmosis – reverse (FO–RO) closed loop pilot plant is presented. The system was fed with single batch clean tap water into which organic micropollutants were spiked; RO permeate recirculated to the FO feed. operated in two different runs, NaCl and MgCl2 as draw solutes. Over course trials, migrated solution closed-loop, reaching an equilibrium This implies that t...

abstract background: the loop colostomy is one of the most popular techniques used as a protective maneuver for a distal anastomosis and/or temporary fecal diversion. we are introducing the use of a full thickness skin bridge under the large bowel instead of a glass rod which alleviates problems such as protrusion of the large bowel, retraction of the bowel into the abdomen after removing the r...

We consider the H∞ almost output synchronization and regulated output synchronization problem for heterogeneous directed networks with external disturbances where agents are introspective (i.e. agents have access to a part of their own state). A decentralized protocol is designed for each agent, without exchanging internal controller states with neighboring agents, to achieve output synchroniza...

Recent papers in the concept of Supply Chain Network Design (SCND) have seen a rapid development in applying the stochastic models to get closer to real-world applications. Regaring the special characteristics of each product, the stracture of SCND varies. In tire industry, the recycling and remanufacturing of scraped tires lead to design a closed-loop supply chain. This paper proposes a two-st...

In this paper, an efficient method is presented to control the attitude of a satellite with ON-OFF actuator. The main objective of this novel method is to control the amplitude of the limit cycle which commonly appears in the steady state of such systems; and at the same time by consideration of real actuator constraints, reduce the fuel consumption of system. The Proposed method is a combinati...

Photovoltaic energy generation potential can be tapped with maximum efficacy by characterizing the source behaviour. Characterization refers to systematic terminal measurement-based PV modeling which further facilitate output prediction and fault detection. Most of existing characterization methods fail for high-power array due increased thermal losses in electronic components. Here, we propose...

A physically interpretable model of an experimental strip guidance installation, operated at Hoogovens Research and Development in the Netherlands, is derived by means of system identification. This process consists of an offset pivot guide steering roll with five degrees of freedom, four cylindrical guide rolls, and one driving roll. In this experimental installation, an endless steel strip is...

conclusions according to the findings of the current study, both open-loop and closed-loop neuromuscular control mechanisms altered in patients with cai. methods it was a case-control study. twenty-two subjects with unilateral cai and 22 healthy subjects stood on a force plate and initiated gait with maximal velocity under 2 conditions: i) planned (initiated gait after hearing the “all set” sig...