Two women, aged 81 and 61, became haemorrhagic after surgery. Their previous surgeries were uneventful with no unexpected bleeding observed. Blood tests prior to the current surgeries indicated normal values including those related to coagulation. There were no problems with the current surgeries prior to leaving the operating room. At 3 hours after the surgery, the 81-year-old patient had an o...

Vascular transformation of lymph node sinuses in retroperitoneal and parapancreatic lymph nodes found incidentally in an autopsy case of 57-year-old male with liver cirrhosis is reported. The lining cells of the capillary like structure in this lesion were considered to be endothelial cells showing coagulation factor-VIII related antigen immunoreactivity, Ulex europaeus agglutinin I lectin bind...

TAFI (thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor) down regulates fibrinolysis after activation by relatively high concentrations of thrombin generated during coagulation via thrombin mediated factor XI activation and subsequent activation of the intrinsic pathway. It is this secondary burst of thrombin that is severely diminished in haemophilia A, a deficiency of coagulation factor VIII. We th...

Combined Factors V and VIII deficiency is an autosomal recessive bleeding disorder identified in at least 58 families comprising a number of different ethnic groups. Affected patients present with a moderate bleeding tendency and have Factor V and Factor VIII levels in the range of 5-30% of normal. The highest frequency of the mutant gene is found in Jews of Sephardic and Middle Eastern origin ...

Background: Factor VIII administration to hemophilia A patients results in an immune response (inhibitor formation) which significantly complicates the therapy. The present study was performed to determine the prevalence of inhibitor development in hemophilia A patients receiving recombinant factor VIII therapy. Materials and Methods: This was an observational descriptive study. Clotting fac...

Circulating anticoagulants or inhibitors of clotting factors are defined as endogenously produced substances that interfere with various in vitro tests of coagulation. Anticoagulants are usually immunoglobulins, although other endogenous materials, such as heparin or fibrinogen split products, may inhibit in vivo or in vitro coagulation (Table 1). Specific inhibitors are immunoglobulins with ep...

Skin necrosis caused by heparins is a rare complication. We report a case of a 71-year-old woman who developed the unusual complication of focal necrotizing skin lesions in the injection site after undergoing thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin after right knee arthroplasty. Laboratory investigations for heparine-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), disseminated intravascular coagulation, protein C, ...

Background: Bleeding assessment tools are key components in the evaluation of patients suspicious for bleeding disorders. The exact determination of the normal ranges of ISTH-BAT (International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis –Bleeding Assessment Tool) in the healthy population is a crucial step for determining who needs to be referred for further coagulation laboratory examinations. We ai...

Clotting factor V has a dual function in coagulation: after activation, procoagulant factor V stimulates the formation of thrombin, whereas anticoagulant factor V acts as a cofactor for activated protein C (APC) in the degradation of factor VIII/VIIIa, thereby reducing thrombin formation. In the present study, we evaluated whether plasma factor V levels, either decreased or increased, are assoc...

von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a large plasma glycoprotein that exists as a series of multimers of molecular weight 800-20000 kD. VWF has two main functions: as a carrier protein for coagulation factor VIII and as an adhesive protein involved in vessel wall-platelet interaction. Its function as an adhesive protein is most important in situations of high shear stress. Inherited defects in VWF ma...