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CONTEXT Studies suggest that many survivors of critical illness experience long-term cognitive impairment but have not included premorbid measures of cognitive functioning and have not evaluated risk for dementia associated with critical illness. OBJECTIVES To determine whether decline in cognitive function was greater among older individuals who experienced acute care or critical illness hos...

To address the need for a flexible model of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) that is also suitable for inversion, the FLAIR Model (Four-Scale Linear Model for AnIsotropic Reflectance) has been developed [1]. Based on the more detailed Four-Scale Model [2], FLAIR is a linear kernel-like model, developed with the aim of not being limited to specific canopy characteristic...

BACKGROUND Self-interviews, where the respondent rather than the interviewer enters answers to questions, have been proposed as a way to reduce social desirability bias associated with interviewer-led interviews. Computer-assisted self-interviews (CASI) are commonly proposed since the computer programme can guide respondents; however they require both language and computer literacy. We evaluate...

INTRODUCTION The primary objective was to identify the most common reasons for intending to cut back on alcohol use, in emergency department (ED) and trauma patient populations. The secondary objective was to determine the association between reason to cut back on alcohol and education level. METHODS We conducted the study at a level one trauma center in California between 2008 and 2012. This...

Remote sensing instruments generally regularize a continuous ground surface into a grid of similarly sized and shaped pixels. This regularization results in similarity of neighboring pixels which represent the same objects on the ground. The above ground organization of vegetation in a forest is considered the forest structure. At a high spatial resolution, at approximately 1m, the spatial info...

BACKGROUND As elderly populations grow, dementia detection in the community is increasingly needed. Existing screens are largely unused because of time and training requirements. We developed the Mini-Cog, a brief dementia screen with high sensitivity, specificity, and acceptability. Here we describe the development of its scoring algorithm, its receiver operating characteristics (ROC), and the...

The aim of this study was to examine the association between parent and child anxiety sensitivity in the context of parenting behaviors, specifically by testing parenting behaviors as moderators or mediators of the association between parent and child anxiety sensitivity. Past research implies that parent anxiety sensitivity may be more related to child anxiety sensitivity (moderation) in girls...

BACKGROUND There is inconsistent evidence regarding the influence of general cognitive abilities on the long-term course of depression. AIMS To investigate the association between general childhood cognitive abilities and adult depression outcomes. METHOD We conducted a cohort study using data from 633 participants in the New England Family Study with lifetime depression. Cognitive abilitie...

We examined whether social priming of cognitive states affects the inhibitory process in elderly adults, as aging is related to deficits in inhibitory control. Forty-eight elderly adults and 45 young adults were assigned to three groups and performed a cognitive control task (Simon task), which was followed by 3 different manipulations of social priming (i.e., thinking about an 82 year-old pers...