Responding to a preceding article by Michael J. Newton ("Moral dilemmas in surgical training: intent and the case for ethical ambiguity"), Downie comments on three of Newton's themes. He agrees that trainees should engage in ethical self-appraisal but cautions that introspection is inappropriate at the time of an operation. Regarding Newton's downplaying of philosophical analysis in medical e...

Language in old age has been an active research area since early experimental investigations in cognitive aging (e.g., Craik & Masani, 1967; Riegel & Riegel, 1964). This is undoubtedly because of the profound importance of language throughout the lifespan not only in cognition, but in social interactions as well. Declines in language processing, such as increased difficulty in understanding spo...

Despite the well-documented success of cognitive restructuring techniques in the treatment of anxiety disorders, there is still little clarity on which cognitions underpin fear and anxiety in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. This study examined whether certain cognitive appraisals, known to be associated with fear and anxiety in typically developing groups, may help expl...

Existing models that integrate emotion and cognition generally do not fully specify why cognition needs emotion and conversely why emotion needs cognition. In this paper, we present a unified computational model that combines an abstract cognitive theory of behavior control (PEACTIDM) and a detailed theory of emotion (based on an appraisal theory), integrated in a theory of cognitive architectu...

Nowadays, international communication is becoming more and frequent. As an language, English being studied by college students in countries regions. In the process of students’ learning, anxiety a psychological factor that has important influence on learning effect. When feel anxious about English, different cognitive appraisals will lead to coping styles, which also affect degree effect studen...

This paper aims to add the growing body of cognitive translation studies that deal with emotions and factors evaluating process-oriented. Cognitive appraisal is one tokens includes three paradigms assessing performance translation, it can be addressed from perspective emotions, intuitions, individual styles SL method transfer into TL. The study hypothesized translators create a similar emotiona...