CPS (Cyber-Physical Systems) enable a new class of applications that perceive their surroundings using raw data from sensors, monitor the timing of dynamic processes, and control the physical environment. Since failures and misbehaviors in application domains such as cars, medical devices, nuclear power plants, etc., may cause significant damage to life and/or property, CPS need to be safe and ...

Multi-component machining systems are being used in every sphere of engineering sector such as job shops, flow lines, communication system, computer system, etc. This paper presents fuzzy analysis of availability characteristics of machining system comprising of multiactive units and multi-standby units. The Markov machine repair model has been developed by incorporating the concepts of switchi...

Status of this Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. This document reflects an existing deployed protocol. The IETF does have a working group which is in the process of producing a standards track protocol to address the same issues. Abstract The memo specifies the Hot Standby...

Increased downscaling of CMOS circuits with respect to feature size and threshold voltage has a result of dramatically increasing in leakage current. So, leakage power reduction is an important design issue for active and standby modes as long as the technology scaling increased. In this paper, a simultaneous active and standby energy optimization methodology is proposed for 22 nm sub-threshold...

Distributed control systems in power plants are the latest trends to optimize and control performance. Reliability prediction of input-output components of distributed control systems have a key role to play in the power plant scenario. Triple modular redundancy is a means of increasing reliability of systems. Triple modular redundancy of three modules each containing m cards is studied in this...

Simple series systems of identical components with spare parts are considered. It is shown that the cumulative distribution function of a system failure time tends to a step function as the number of components increases and resources can be shared. An example of ‘continuous resources’ is also described. The time-sharing strategy for standby systems is investigated. It is proved that an optimal...